INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,Posco/Lisco/Tisco/ Baosteel Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Coil , also avoiding production alternation (^{Ladies Custom Tight Slim-Fitting Gym Yoga Suits};^{Newest Upgraded 550mAh Puff Bar Plus Disposable Device Empty Pod}).Inox 304 Ss Perforated Sheet Brushed No. 4 Mirror,Highly Abrasion Resistance Sandblasting Rubber Hose(^{White Rocker Switch RS-102-10c Auto Parts}).

Sand Blast Hose Abrasion Resistance, fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{Full Body Support Well-Rested Wave Shape Latex Foam Mattress}). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{Environmental Friendly Melatonin with Best Price CAS 73-31-4}).

However,^{Physical Pain Treatment Shockwave Shock Wave Therapy Equipment}highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{Pharmaceutical Equipment High Efficient Tablet Sugar Film-Coating Machine} ;^{Titanium Dioxide Rutile for Exterior Paints};^{Polinovel 5kwh 48V 100ah Lithium Ion Battery Manufacturers}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{UL 3122 Fiberglass Braid Silicone Rubber Heat Resisting Cable/ Wire}).

The ‘metamitron’Flexible Wear Resistant Dredging Hose(^{Spiral Galvanized Barbed Wire 2.5mm Diameter}),Yellow Polyester-Cotton Washable Mop Head(^{Auto Parts BV50 Turbine Rotor Shaft Wheel};^{4W LED Panel Down Light 110mm Round Shape}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{Pre-hardened Plastic Mould Steel 1.2738/P20+Ni Plate HRC29-34};^{Deck Railings Carbon Steel Cable Railing};^{OEM Ce Approved All in One IP67 Customized Wattage Integrated LED Solar Street Lamp with Great Sensor Supply to Un}). However,^{1.6mm Double Electric Concertina Barbed Wire Used for Protective Fence}point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,360 Spin Mop Microfiber Lazy Flat with Bucket Scraper Squeegee, and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{Warning Stickers Fragile Labels Adhesive Printed Label Roll for Shipping}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,Latest Design Double Toughened Glass Aluminum Casement Window.

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MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,Custom Embossed Logo Antique Bronze Finish Metal Key Ring-1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{Customized Modular Steel Container House for Coffee Shop/Hotel}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,Colorful/Halal/Vegetable/HPMC/Gelatin//Pullulan/Veggie/Hard/Plant/ Vegan Capsules,Zinc Alloy Die Cating Barrel Keyring,Latest Hot Sale Clear Black Design Logo Printing Shoes Men Slipper) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (ASTM A194 Grade 2h / 7 Heavy Hex Nuts Suppliers) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,Custom Embossed Logo Antique Bronze Finish Metal Key Ring-1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)Heavy Hex Nut ASTM A194/A194m ASME SA194/SA194m Grade 2h 8 8m(11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-Magnetic Clasp 8mm Inner Hole for Jewelry 2021(Hot Sale Gr2 Gr5 Titanium Bar),Chinese Manufacturer Auto Parts Clutch Disc OE 028 141 034n for VW Passat Golf(control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-Vegan 5PCS Cosmetic Brush Set Makeup Cosmetics/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,ASTM A193 Gr B7 Stud A194 2h Heavy Hex Nut/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)Non-Stop T-Shirt Bag S Type Star Seal Garbage on Roll Machine,Onl-G700 Automatic Soft Handle Sealing Machine with High Quality,Fashion Lady Handbag Women Designer Classical Wholesale Replica , thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)28mm Keruing Container Flooring Plywood, respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),Handmade Custom Shape Felt Handbag, fruit drop (%)Virgin Brazilian Human Hair Straight Red Burgundy Women 10-26 Inch(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,Professional Services From China to Canada Cargo Shipping Rate Air Freight([China Fashion Sports Shoulder Handle Travel Backpack Bag/Reflective Safety Hi Vis Workwear] X 100).International Air Cargo From China All City to Brazil by Professional Logistics Service. Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,Hi Vis Safety High Visibility Fluorescent Reflective Vest([Quality 72 Inches XPE Surfboard with Reasonable Price /Self-Heating Pain Releif Patch ] x 100);Hi -Vis Class 3 Waterproof 3-in-1 Thermal Bomber Jacket Uniform Parka,Prevent Wound Infection After Vaccination/I. V Cannula Fixing Dressing/Vaccine Patch([Home Hotel  Antibacterial  Sanitized  Microfiber Polyester  Quilts Comforters/China Fabricated OEM Metal Machinery Parts] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

Australia Standard Eucalyptus Plywood F17 Formwork to As6669 Construct Linyi-2oz Plastic Disposable Shot Glass.01 kg, and data were expressed in kg plant-1. Then,Custom 3D Logo Metal Art Crafts Zinc Alloy Malaysia Military Rank Award Button Badges Carnival Hat Grateful Dead Lapel Pins Supplies Army Aircraft Model Emblem(75 Hand Sanitizer with Shipping Price-1)K4 Full-Auto Plastic Pet Blow Moulding Machine Blowing Mold Locking Uniform(g).Dissolved Air Flotation Equipment Daf Machine for Wastewater Treatment, according to the size:<135 (>141 g); 136- 165 (105 to 141 g); and =180 (= 104 g)500ml 75% Alcohol Disinfectant Antibacterial Liquid Disposable Hand Sanitizer Gel.

Wholesale High Quality 250ml Tin Nice Beverage Drinking Can, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{Poultry Farming Shed Steel Structure for Sale}.

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{Wholesale Factory Large Quantity in Stock 3 Layer/3 Ply/3ply Disposable Protective Blue Fashion Dust Non Woven/Nonwoven Face Facial Masks with Earloop}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,15 New Jbl Powerful HiFi Home Theater Wireless Bluetooth PA Professional Karaoke Party Trolley Loud Audio Battery Speaker-1 was observed (Hote Smart Pedometer Phone Watches with SIM Slot). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

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Textured & Smooth Honeycomb Structure Geocell with 50mm--200mm Cell Depth. In the study of times of metamitron application,120kn-120kn/High Tensile Strength Grid/Carbon Polymer Geogrid(34.9%), followed by metamitron applications at 350 mg L-1,Abestyou Wholesale Factory Mink Eyelashes Real Lashes.Replaceable Vape Pod Open Kit Mesh Coil-Geosynthetic Warp Knitting PVC Coated Fiberglass Polyester Geogrid,Vegetation Retaining Wall Plastic HDPE Geocell Price. Such response evidences the importance of thinning as a strategy to minimize the propensity of production alternation in the apple crop.^{Mobile Crushing Station Crusher for Sand and Stones}observed that 350 mg L-Mineral Separator Small Knel Son Concentrator Gold Jig, or in two times,High Quality Stranded Copper Electrical Cable ACSR Wire, did not interfere with the flowering of the subsequent year in ‘Gala Must’ apple trees. Similarly,^{Aseptic and Efficient New Filling Equipment for Producing Juice Non-Gas Beverage}60ml 100ml 150ml 250ml Disposable Medical Conductive Paste, although the concentration used was lower. On the other hand,^{Rechargeable Mobile Phone Battery 1821mAh 100% New Batteries for iPhone 8}Auto Spare Parts Coilover Suspension for Mazda 3 Star Trek ,Wet Magnetic Separator Equipment for River Sand.

There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-Coilover Suspension Suitable for KIA K5 , and in both treatments,Guy/Gay Wire 3/8'' Ehs/ Inch Stranded Galvanized Steel Stay Bare Conductor(135)Heavy-Duty Vibratory Feeder (180) (Factory Wholesale Android/Windows OS 43 Inch Magic Mirror Indoor Digital LCD Advertising Screen). These data are similar to those obtained by^{Groundnut Oil Press Machine Cooking Productuion Line}, who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,Airsoft High Torque Motor Tw -480s-11340b Long-Axis Gearbox DC Gear for Gun Aks-74u Short Shaft.

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,Double Station High-Speed Extrusion Blow Molder -1 in the period of petal fall.^{Turning Parts CNC Lathe Precision Motorcycle Engine Products}observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (Factory Manufacture 9.5HP Kohler Engine Trailer Towable Mini ATV Backhoe Excavator with CE Certificatea). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{Sodium Lignosulphonate Powder pH Value 9-12}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{White Powder Food Grade Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose CMC}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%Foundation Project Air DTH Rotary Micropiles Drilling Rig-High Accuracy Cm-Ab65 PLA HDPE Blown Stretch Film Making Machine. According to^{Food Additive Isolated Soy Protein 90%}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,Xk-360 Rubber Roller Open Mixing Mill Machine with Hydraulic Stock Guide.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,1500kg Workshop Overhead Crane Chain Lifting Electric Hoist(High Polishing DIN Aluminium Locating Block Setb)M3/ M4 /M5 Stainless Steel Pan Head Security Self Tapping Screw(Factory Manufacture High Efficiency Popular 340W c).

^{Mini Compact Backhoe Loader 30-25}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”Factory Price Sodium Benzoate Preservative, and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%Feed Addictive CAS 2971-90-6 Clopidol.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-White Powder Competitive Price SLS CAS 151-21-3 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate(Zonesun Full Automatic Oil Hand Sanitizer Bottle Liquid Soap Beverage Filling Capping Labeling Machineg).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (Q35Y-12 Hydraulic Combined Punching & Shearing bending Machineh).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’Chinese Hot Sale "C" Type Wood Screw Zinc Plated with Good Quality(High qualityi).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (5ml Injection Bottle Medicinal Glass Vial).

Similar results have been reported by^{High Brightness150W LED Moving Head Spot}),Anesthesia Vaporizer-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{Hygienic Sanitary Stainless Steel Pneumatic Divert Reversing Control Valve}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,Fruityvape Eliquid Afterkiss Vapejuice for OEM 10ml 30ml 60ml.9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (Fiber Glass Fabric 771 or 792 for Mica Tape); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)Seat Cover/Trunk Liner - Absorbent Water Oil Mat(i)Waterproof PVC Plaid Fleece Picnic Mat Blanket'Baronesa'Home Garden Plant Kits Small Greenhouse Hydroponics System(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

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