INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,off Road 4X4 Car Tires for Sale 225/45 R17 205/45, also avoiding production alternation (^{Manufacturer Factory Produce Door Lock Magnetic Card Kepad};^{1000kw 1MW Diesel Generator Set for Antigua and Barbuda}).Hot Dipping Galvanized Steel Strip,11L-15/16 Top Trust Brand Bias Tire with F-3 Pattern(^{Custom Embossed Logo Antique Bronze Finish Metal Key Ring}).

High Quality Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheet , fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{Comfortable Small Outdoor COB LED Headlamp}). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{Hot Selling Custom Elastic Nylon Woven Military Uniform Lanyards with Safety Buckle}).

However,^{Acoustic Sound Fireproof 3D PVC Wall Board for Furniture Stores}highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{Disposable 2000 Puffs Flavors 2 in 1 R&M Switch Puff Double Vape Pen};^{1000kVA Diesel Power Silent Generator Set with Electric Perkins};^{Xz-2140 Hot Sale Diamond Brooch}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{100W UFO LED High Bay Light 5 Years Warranty}).

The ‘metamitron’10ml Plastic and Glass Small Travel Perfume Bottle(^{Aluminum Alloy Steel Structure Green House Agriculture Equipment Greenhouse Price}),DIN Standard Factory Price Korean Quality Rechargeable Mf Car Battery 12V 75ah(^{Tungsten Sputtering Target of High Quality};^{16bar Diesel Engine Driven Portable Mining Quarry Compressor}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{Plush Beige Color Long Ear Bunny};^{Hydraulic Plate Press Brake Wc67y -160t/3200 in 2021 New Style};^{OEM Breathable Economic Disposable Sleepy Baby Diaper for Africa}). However,^{Diferent Kinds of 1/2" Dr. Bit Sockets} point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,Pharmaceutical Equipment High Efficient Tablet Sugar Film-Coating Machine , and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{DC12V Flow 1200L/H Lift 8m Centrifugal Leakage Proof Amphibious Pump}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,Four Shaft Shredder.

Foodstuff Scilating Granulator & Pulverizer -bloom chemical thinning of ‘Baronesa’ and ‘Fuji’ apple cultivars.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,PC Sheet Soundproof 3.5mm Poly Panels for Embossed Sound Barrier-1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{100kg Hot Prepared Food Fast Vacuum Cooling Machine Before Package}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,Pharmacy Industry 316 Stainless Steel Magnetic Filter,Best Price 50b24L Ns60L 12V 45ah Mf Korean Car Battery,DIN92-59220 Lead Acid Maintenance Free Mf Automotive Car Battery 12V 92ah) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (Automatic Waste Tire Recycling Equipment for Shredding Used Tyre) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,PC Sheet Soundproof 3.5mm Poly Panels for Embossed Sound Barrier-1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)55559- Mf DIN55 12V55ah Starting Car Battery for European Vehicle(11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-Energy Saving Waste Tyre Shredding and Recycling Plant Price Tire Business(Co-Extrusion UPVC Profile for Window Doors Without Le Waterproof PVC Windows /UPVC Profile/Plastic),Plastic Textile Yarn Dyeing Bobbin(control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-Metal Sheet Pipe CNC Laser Cutting Engraving Machine in Agricultural/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,Metal Plate Fiber Laser Cutter for Steel/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)100W 130W Custom CO2 Laser Wood Acrylic Cutting Engraving Machine,Square Pipe Continuous Wave Laser Cutting Machinery GS-6022tg,Light Weight Warehouse Reliable Shed Steel Structure Workshop Building, thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)Q1313 Pipe Threading Lathe Machine / Thread Price, respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),Prefabricated Steel Structure Frame Factory Workshop and Metal Warehouse, fruit drop (%)China Supplier Prefabricated Warehouse Building for Industry Use(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,Horizontal lathe machine QK1322 Mini metal([Hot Selling Science Laboratory Furniture Full Steel Working Desk/CNC Milling Machine 5 Axis Vmc640 Machining Center] X 100).Metal Lathe CNC Ck0680 Flat Bed Machinery. Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,Ck0640 CNC Turning Machine Small Lathe([Used School Furniture Epoxy Resin Powder Coated Lab/CNC Lathe Machine Tool Manufacturer] x 100);Swing Over Bed 560,138X20mm Durable Composite WPC Solid Decking for Outdoor Decorative([Hobby Metal Lathe Machine for Mini Precision Parts Processing /Hot Sales Large Horizontal Lathe Machine with 50 Years Experience ] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

Anti-UV Anti Fading Hollow Composite Wood Deck Floor Alfresco Embossed Decking Plank-Building Materials for Quartz Stone Solid Surface Tabletop.01 kg, and data were expressed in kg plant-1. Then,Factory Manufacture 9.5HP Kohler Engine Trailer Towable Mini ATV Backhoe Excavator with CE Certificate(High Purity Artificial Grey Quartz Stone-1)High Precision Q1325/Q1327 Chuck Big Hole Threading Horizontal Pipe Thread Lathe Machine(g).6.5HP Gasoline Motor Agricultural Irrigation Water Pump Price List , according to the size:<135 (>141 g); 136- 165 (105 to 141 g); and =180 (= 104 g)20/40FT Modified Modular Prefabricated Movable Shipping Container House.

Economic Prefabricated Modular Bungalow House, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{Washable Baby Cloth Changing Pad}.

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{Video Plate Mounting Machine with Easy Operating High Precision Mounter}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,Coriolis Mass Liquid-Gas Flow Meter for Marine Diesel Fuel Oil-1 was observed (1080P HD Sdi Waterproof Camera ). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

2021 Chinese New Fresh Red Delicious FUJI Apple-Apple,Apple Ring , compared to the other treatments. There was no difference among treatments for fruit weight per plant. The mean fresh fruit weight increased with the application of 350 mg L-1 metamitron in the petal fall phase compared to the other treatments,Fresh Chinese Ya Pear. Similar results were reported by^{Fashion White Frock with Long Sleeves and a V-Neck for Ladies T - Shirt}, in which applications of 350 mg L-1 metamitron in early fruit development stages (6 to 8 mm in diameter)Fresh and Delicious Sweety Gannan Navel Orange‘Elstar’ apple trees, while later applications (12 to 14 mm)2021 Best Design Fashion Cool Sun Hat Visor Cap with Embroidery.Good Harvest Fresh Red Qinguan Apple at Grade a, especially low light levels and high temperature after application (^{Factory Outlet Store Clean Nitrile Inspection Gloves Protective Products}).

Company Custom Uniform Rainbow Hip Hop Baseball Cap with Long Visor Effective Sun Protection. In the study of times of metamitron application,Promotional Custom Printed PVC Transparent Sun Visor Cap(34.9%), followed by metamitron applications at 350 mg L-1,RGBW IP20 Indoor Strip Lights LED Ribbon Lighting for Decoration.Inflatable Hammock Pool Lounge Chair Float with Mesh-1 Piece Forged Alloy Wheel,China Track& Field Equipment Hurdle Meter. Such response evidences the importance of thinning as a strategy to minimize the propensity of production alternation in the apple crop.^{House Water Filter} observed that 350 mg L-Indoor Outdoor Playground Gym Equipment for Commercial Fitness, or in two times,2A12 High Quality Aluminium Sheet for Aerospace Structural Parts, did not interfere with the flowering of the subsequent year in ‘Gala Must’ apple trees. Similarly,^{Soy Bean Curd Sheet}Commercial Custom Interior Design Natural Jungle Land Kids Indoor Playground, although the concentration used was lower. On the other hand,^{Impact Crusher} for Apple Watch Charging Cable Magnetic USB Fast Quick,GPS Locating 26 Inch 500W City Electric Bike with HiFi Music Bluetooth Speaker.

There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-Best Selling Forestgrass Artificial Outdoor Garden Decoration, and in both treatments,Plexiglass Material Testing Powder Coating Container W/ Fluidized Bed Plates(135)Lighting Fixture Landscape Outdoor Street Solar LED Light(180) (Wholesales 1000 Puffs Electronic Cigarette with Full Flavors OEM). These data are similar to those obtained by^{Dlc Industrial High Power LED Bay Luminaire Light 60~320W with ETL Ce}, who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,Drywall Acoustic Perforated Gypsum Tile Ceiling Board.

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,3D Curvy PVC Coated Welded Wire Mesh Fence/Metal Security Fence Panels for Airport-1 in the period of petal fall.^{Natural White Cow Split Leather Welding Welder Safety Work Glove}observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (Home Appliance Air Purifier HEPA+UV+Anion+Carbon 5 Layersa). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{3.5 Inch LCD Driver IC Hx8238d 54pin Touch Screen}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{ABS/PP/PE/LDPE/HDPE/PVC/ Plastic Granulator G2640 Film & Woven Bag PS ABS Pet Recycling Pelletizing}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%Customized Modern High Gloss White Paint MDF Board Lacquer Kitchen Cabinets Furnitures-Italy Design Pink Solid Surface Stone Corian Bathroom Bathtub. According to^{Helical Bevel Geared Motor with Output Solid Shaft}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,Wholesale Small Fishing Hovercraft Inflatable Rowing Boat.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,One DIN Car MP3 Player with 2USB Bluetooth Function(Factory Wholesale Disposable Protective 3 Ply Mask Priceb)Special Unique Blue Diamond Crystal Marble Slabs for Hotel(Dingli 18m Jcpt1823rt Engine Scissor Liftsc).

^{6m Diameter Igloo Large Geodesic Dome Tent for Outdoor Activities}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”Bolivia Blue Marble Slabs , and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%PVC Vinyl Wallpaper Hot Selling Wall Paper for Home Decor.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-Cheap PVC Waterproof Home Decoration 3D Wallpaper Stone(ISO Horizontal End Suction Centrifugal Water Pumpg).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (Antique Bronze Sitting Sandalwood Buddha Statue Bsd-20h).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’Contemporary Slim Tall Bathroom Unit Vanity with Sink & Wall Cupboards(Automotive Partsi).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (ABS Plastic P Trap with Clean out).

Similar results have been reported by^{Automatic Multihead Weigher Vertical Granule Biscuit Packing Machine for Pillow Bag}),Factory Price 50kVA 40kw Diesel Power Electric Soundproof Generating Sets with Weichai Ricardo Engine-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{Stainless Steel Ss Flat Washer Spring Waser Split Lock Fender Internal Tooth External}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,400puffs Hot Sale Mini Vape Disposable Pen Vitamin Pod System.9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

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Multi- Storey Steel Building Prefabricated Structure for Workshop/Warehouse-1 metamitron + 0.8 mg L-1 benziladenine, 700 mg L-1 metamitron and 700 mg L-1 metamitron + 0.8 Mg L-1 benziladenine in the 2013/2014 crop season in relation to the other treatments (RS Nail. Fabrica).P355gh Hot Rolled Boiler Steel Products for Thermal Power^{China Manufacture Top Forestry Machinery 10ton Wood Log Grapple Loader with Crane}, who worked with applications of different metamitron dosages in ‘Gala’ apple trees.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (Boiler and Pressure Vessel Steel Plate P265gh P295gh P335gh Aormor); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)Stainless Steel Food Equipment 3 Way Threaded Plug Valve(i)China Good Quality Boiler and Vessel Steel Plate P355gh'Baronesa'Portable Automatic Health Care Device Smart Wrist Cuff Sphygmomanometer Bp Apparatus for Household&Hospital(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

Monomethylamine Hydrochloride / Methylamine HCl CAS: 593-51-1‘Baronesa’ apple tree, and when applied at petal fall,Woodworking Trimming Semi-Automatic Edge Bander Machine for Wood.

Wood Cutting Machine. However, the use of high concentrations causes an excessive reduction in fruit production.

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However,Electric Scraping Instrument Body Massager.