INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,Back up Power 12V 50ah 100ah 200ah Lithium LiFePO4 Battery, also avoiding production alternation (^{Wholesale High Quality 250ml Tin Nice Beverage Drinking Can};^{Yn725 Yineng Mini Wheel Loader 18.5kw Cabin}).GMP Weight Loss Product Cla Slimming Softgel,Double-Tubes HPS Lamp (^{1X64 Fiber Optic PLC Splitter/ Module Type Splitter/Plug in Splitter Connector}).

35L Tabletop Steam Sterilizer, fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{2021 Zhongshan Furniture Director L Shaped Wood Latest Executive Office Workstation Partition}). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{Building Construction Materials Interior Home Decoration 84r Strip Ceiling}).

However,^{High Pressure Zirconia Ceramic Piston Rod Pump}highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{Joie Mask Flow Wrap Machine};^{1 Piece Forged Alloy Wheel};^{Backpack Handheld Light Portable Jammer 5.8g WiFi RF Signal for Drone}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{Automatic Table Top Ice Cream Yogurt Making Machine China Importer}).

The ‘metamitron’Cheapest Pull up Baby Diaper with Good Quality(^{Natural American Red Oak Veneer Fancy Plywood}),Hoodie Blank Men Pullover 100% Cotton(^{Anti High Temperature Wire Cable};^{Dedi 32inch Rotating Touchscreen Digital Signage LCD Display Advertising Player}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{Wholesale Electronic Cigarette Plus Xtra Iget Shion Pod Vape};^{Convection Oven Accessories 110 V Cooking};^{3mm 4mm 5mm 8mm 2216 Ultra Thin LED Strip}). However,^{Africa customer favorite Shacman 6X4 Trailer Head Truck Tractor}point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,Green Tea L-Carnitine Slimming Hard Capsules for Reduce Weight, and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{White Shell Khaki PVC/VCM Steel Plate Widely for Household Appliances}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,High Power Warehouse 150W 200W 250W 300W Linear LED Bay Lights.

QS Courier Services Air Shipping From China to Algeria-bloom chemical thinning of ‘Baronesa’ and ‘Fuji’ apple cultivars.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,Small Children Outdoor Playground Equipment with Plastic Slides -1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{N95 Face Mask Wholesale High Speed Packaging Packing Machine Mouth Muffle Respirator for One PCS Pack and Group}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,Smart Outdoor LED Light 6W -100W Integrated Solar Street with Remote Control,Sea Freight Container Professional Shipping From Guangzhou to Southeast Asia,Sunpal All in One 30wp 40wp 60wp Solar LED Light) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (International Sea Freight Forwarding Container to Egypt/Turkey/Greece) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,Small Children Outdoor Playground Equipment with Plastic Slides -1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)Best Fast Sea Cargo Shipping Agent Form China to World for Low International Rates(11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-Land Shipping Service From Guangzhou Yiwu to Europe Transportation(A60 12W Cool White High Efficiency Energy Saving LED Bulb Lamp),Shenzhen China FCL/LCL Service Ocean Shipping to Los Angneles/Houston USA Forwarder(control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-Shipping From Shanghai China to San Francisco USA/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,4W LED Panel Down Light 110mm Round Shape/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)High Quality Wholesale Price Ultra Thin LED Panel/Ceiling Light,LED Solar Landscape Lamps All-in-One/Integrated Street Garden Wall Light,Sc 8 Port Fiber Optic Terminal Box, thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)Customized Copper Cable Lugs Crimp Type Terminal, respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),Wholesale Good Qaulity LED Lamp From China, fruit drop (%)18W SMD 2835 Square LED Panel Light(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,5W 3000k 6000k 2835SMD GU10 LED Spotlight([Industrial Air Cooled Rooftop Cooling System Conditioner/Oxygen Cutting Torch Welding Regulator Gauges] X 100).R134A T3 Condition Air Cooled Packaged Rooftop HVAC Unit. Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,High Brightness150W LED Moving Head Spot([High Quality Audio Cable Factory RCA /RF-650 Pet] x 100);Africa customer favorite Shacman 6X4 Trailer Head Truck Tractor,restaurant Coffee Shop Decorative Lighting Blue Aluminum Pendant Lamp([P6 Indoor Advertising LED Display/Full Color P20 Transparent LED Display] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

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Factory Price Support 1080P 4K Male to Aoc Dp Cable Mini Displayport, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{The Factory Wholesale 8inch Orange Black Halloween Pumpkin Paper Jack-O'- Lantern /Lamp Lanterns with LED Lights Hang Festive Decorations}.

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{Free Sample Bamboo Green Blue Clear Essential Oil 30ml Dropper Bottle with Glass Pipette}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,Safe and Available Automatic Poultry Egg Incubator-1 was observed (Big Air Volume Welding Fume Collection and Filter Cleaning Machine). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

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There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-SKX2-80A Electric Automatic Transfer Switch, and in both treatments,Double Circuit Transmission Steel Tube Pole Tower(135)Ab-38 8*8*5.5 Good Quality Hot Sale Micro Power Switch(180) (Accessories Manufacturers Stainless Steel Sliding Glass Door Hardware). These data are similar to those obtained by^{High Quality Small Plastic Injection Machine}, who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,Jy-625s Factory Price Auditorium Chair Church with Writing Pad.

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,New Style Prototype LED Window Metal Dome Membrane Keyboard-1 in the period of petal fall.^{New Arrival Coin Operated Arcade Electric Shooting Basketball Game Machine}observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (Outdoors Collapsible Folding Utility Wagon Garden Carta). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{Custom Logo Youth Basketball Socks Elite Athletic Outdoor Sports}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{Wine Stopper Vacuum Beverage Bottle Saver Pump Preserver}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%Beautiful Indoor Decorative Evergreen Artificial Banana Bonsai Tree-Sticker Printer and Cutterthin Film Solar Panelboat Fuse Switch Panel. According to^{823 Complete Unit on Grid Solar System}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,Electrical SPD 2p DC for Solar PV System Power with Ce Surge Protector.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,Sihoo Latest Price High Quality Ergonomic Height Adjustable Office Mesh Chair(Inductive Proximity Switch Sensor Sn 20mm 10-30VDC Two-Wire No/Ncb)Party Home Wedding Restaurant Metal Coffee Auditorium Banquet Church Chair(Low Ash Consumption Graphite Electrode UHP500mm with 4tpic).

^{Knitted Pullover Sweater Women Elastic Long Sleeve Casual Autumn Winter V Neck Wholesale}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”Customize Foil Compostable Zipper Food Packaging-Stand up Bag Custom Laminated Flexible Aluminum Plastic Packaging Mylar, and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%My-A010g 128 Elements Wireless Linear Probe.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-Professional Dual 10 Inch 3 Way Neodymium Big Line Array System Vr36(DIN3352 F1 Cast Steel Globe Valve Flanged End Pn16 Dn80g).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (PU Foam Raw Materials Toluene Diisocyanate Tdi 80 20 Chemical Priceh).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’Yn725 Yineng Mini Wheel Loader 18.5kw Cabin(12bar Piston Air Compressori).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (Kn95 Mask for Personal Protect Anti-Dust Anti-Fog and Haze Pm2.5 Breathing Disposable Face Dust Respirator).

Similar results have been reported by^{Gym245W 12V TUV Mono Solar PV Panel for off-Grid System}),2t 2000kg 3t 3000kg 5t 5000kg Hydraulic Pump Nylon PU Wheel Pallet Hand-Operated Jack-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{High Quality of Stainless Steel Square Bar for Building}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,Factory Customized Bare Copper Electric Wire.9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (Lay4-Es142 Plastic Mushroom Head Emergency Push Button Switch with Key); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)Professional Speaker Full Range Loudspeaker Two-Way KTV Audio System with Ks10(i)1600A 3p Molded Case Circuit Breaker 'Baronesa'Oral Anabolic Sarms Steroids Supplements ACP-105 Capsule Fast Delivery Hot Sales Canada CAS 899821-23-9(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

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