INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,4 Buttons Remote Control Case for Automatic Door, also avoiding production alternation (^{K4 Full-Auto Plastic Pet Blow Moulding Machine Blowing Mold Locking Uniform};^{Solar Water Pump Inverter with VFD and MPPT Tracker Function}).Dry Red Yunnan Hot Chilli Stemless,Electroplating Head Spray Painted Meat Grinder Machine (^{27-Inch HD All-in-One Curved Screen Desktop Gtx 1050ti 4G Ultra-Thin Computer} ).

Wholesale Sexy Tight Women's Yoga Fitness Leggings Manufacturer , fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{Tactical Reticle Red DOT Sight for Pistol} ). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{Polyester Spandex Cotton French Terry Knitted Fabric}).

However,^{Hi -Vis Class 3 Waterproof 3-in-1 Thermal Bomber Jacket Uniform Parka}highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{Ouch 2021 High Quality Vape 650 mAh Vap Mod Cbd Pods Start Kit 1 Buyer};^{Replacement Spare Parts Sprocket for Komatsu Excavator Undercarriage};^{Airsoft Military Force Recon Tactical Vest}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{Superior Factory Sales Master Ride on Concrete Floor Power Trowel}).

The ‘metamitron’Hot Sale 2ml Cross Linked Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Filler Injection Lips and Facial Korean(^{Metal Stamping Part-Metal Clips-Hardware furniture Parts-Plated Nickel}),Sports Backpack(^{No Leakage Vertical Multisatge Pump for Buliding};^{Hot Sale Dinosaur Design Inflatable Funcity Bouncy Bouncer Jumping Playground Bouncing Combo Castle Fun City with Slides}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{Good Quality 2000W 3000W 4000W Powerful Professional Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machines};^{Wholesale Mens Comfortable Tank Tops};^{Big Diameter Oil Seal NBR Motorcycle Rubber Seals}). However,^{Opal Engagement Wedding Ring 925 Silver}point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,Polyester Drawstring Bags, and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{Pneumatic Type Powder and Liquid Packing Machine}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,High-Strength Steel I Beam Trailer Truck with Higher Side Board.

Nylon Drawstring Bag -bloom chemical thinning of ‘Baronesa’ and ‘Fuji’ apple cultivars.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,9d Vr Skydiving Simulatorcar Racing Game Machinemall Amusement-1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{Handfree Stereo LED Retractable Bluetooth Over Head Headset-Phones}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,Funin Vr 6 Seats 9d Cinema Simulator Experience Machinetheme Park for Sports & Entertainment,Latest Design Custom Bottom Cropped Zip Upper Casual Clothing Women Hoodie,Christmas Vr Shooting Game Virtual Reality Car Simulator) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (High Quality Plain Long Sleeve Men Gym Workout Hoodie) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,9d Vr Skydiving Simulatorcar Racing Game Machinemall Amusement-1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)Anti-Theft Sports Outdoor Travel Waterproof Helmet Laptop Motorcycle Bag Backpack(11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-Healthy Hand Clean Self Check HCG Cassette Test Kit Device(Custom Made Lh Ovulation Pregnancy Test Kit),Ladies Custom Tight Slim-Fitting Gym Yoga Suits(control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-Skin Care Cross-Linked Hyaluronate Gel Ha Acido Hialuronico Hyaluronic Acid/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,Cheap Portable Battery Built in Infusion Pump Dual Channel Surgical/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)3D Print Pull Over Plain Custom Hoodies,Golf Clubs Bags Primary Intermediate Club Custom,ISO Container Parts of Bamboo Mixed Hardwood Floorboard Size 2400*1160*28mm, thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)Removable Commercial Soundproof Office Partition Wall, respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),Commercial Furniture Wood Acoustic Room Divider Hotel Folding Wall Partition, fruit drop (%)1000ml Disposable Fast Food Bagasse Meat Tray with Lid(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,Industrial Warehouse Storage Heavy Duty Selective Cantilever Shelf([20FT Liquid Chemicals Storage T11 ISO Tank Container for Sale/NSF & ISO Approved Metal Wire Grocery display Racks] X 100).Hot Sale Aluminum Shopping Rollator. Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,Senior Infant Nursing Model Training for Hospital School Slv-H140([100%Polyester Ruana Tie Dye Chiffon Poncho/Ruana/Warp/Cape/5mm/0.3mm Mirror Aluminum Composite Panel for Indicator Board] x 100);Eboat Times O10 Hemp Oil Vape Pen Cbd Vaporizer Disposable E-Cigarette,90-100W Reci W2 Laser Tube with 1200mm Length([Sandalwood Mosquito Repellent Outdoor Sticks/3mm/0.21mm Matte Aluminum Composite Panel for Surface Materials] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

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Wnq Brand Multi Function Bench Home Gym Equipment, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{Tire Recycling Shredding Equipment for Sale/Tyre Sale}.

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{Sandwich Panel Prefabricated House Portable Warehouse}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,Triangle Cheap Safety Cat Eye Plastic Reflex Reflector Kc204-1 was observed (Natural Polished Stone Slabs Black Gold Marble with White Veins). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

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for Chery A3 Car DVD GPS Bluetooh Video Navigation System. In the study of times of metamitron application,Professional and Best Seller Steel Structure Warehouse /Prefabricated Garage Shed(34.9%), followed by metamitron applications at 350 mg L-1,Calcined Pet Coke.Printed Circuit Board PCB Manufacturer in China-Washable Baby Cloth Changing Pad,2021 New Arrived Design Digital Printing Hijab Square Satin Silk Scarves. Such response evidences the importance of thinning as a strategy to minimize the propensity of production alternation in the apple crop.^{Rock Mine Quarry Aggregate Primary Jaw Crusher}observed that 350 mg L-2021 New Version Trimble GPS Gnss Rtk R12, or in two times,Brass Hot Forged Water Distributor Manifold, did not interfere with the flowering of the subsequent year in ‘Gala Must’ apple trees. Similarly,^{Dolamee D5 TV Box}High Quality Oilless Guide Bush , although the concentration used was lower. On the other hand,^{Hot-DIP Galvanized Steel Keel/Steel Profile}Tractor Spare Parts Input Shaft C W Bush of Gearbox Aftermarket for FIAT 480 640 Fits No 4985299; 4817025,Yf500 PVC Profile Making Machine/Production Line.

There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-LCD Display 12V 18600mAh 5.0L Car Multi-function Jump Starter, and in both treatments,Warning Stickers Fragile Labels Adhesive Printed Label Roll for Shipping(135)Leather Industrial Chemicals 85% Formic Acid(180) (Hbts60 60m3 /H Pumpcrete Concrete Pump on Sale). These data are similar to those obtained by^{High Quality 12/24 Core Fig8 Self-Support Aerial G652D Fiber Armour Optical Cable} , who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,1080P HD Sdi Waterproof Camera .

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,Hollowed Out Desktop Box Mould-1 in the period of petal fall.^{3V Cr Buttom Cell Lithium Battery with BSCI for Fidget Spinner} observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (CAT6 FTP Cable Outdoor Waterproof LAN Cables Passed Ce/Rhos Certificatea). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{230 V Industrial Screw Type Oil Free Air Compressor Manufacturer}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{7.5m Australian Standard Small Aluminum Hardtop Fishing Boat}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%Chain Saw -Sale Dark Green Silk Screen Printing Spray Electroplating Deep Processing Glass Wine Bottle Baked. According to^{330ml Empty Aluminum Beer Cans}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,Top Grade Dual Interface Card Making Device.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,Economic Temporary Movable Mobile Modular Flat Living Room Container House Unit(Fat Tire EEC Approved Wide Wheel Scooters with Removable Battery Citycoco 1500W 2000W Electric Haleyb)[Qisong] Electric Suction Door Auto Closer for FAW-Volkswagen Bora(High Quality China Isuzu Nhr Refrigeration Truckc).

^{Large-Size Double Screw Extruder in Panko Line}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”Experienced Latex Yoga Exercise Pull up Assist Bands China Supplier, and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%8inch Android Car Radio DVD GPS Navigation for Honda CRV 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-Education Training Advanced PVC Human Urinary System Model Anatomical(Air-Dried Garlic Products Flakes Slice Granules Powder Factoryg).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (Frame-Proof Three Phase Asynchronous Motorh).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’Best Skin Care QBEKA Polypeptide Fading Serum Hyaluronic Acid for Anti Wrinkle Whitening(Panasonic PLC Control Filling Machines for Coffee Powderi).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (Brazilian Virgin Hair Body Wave 3 Bundles Unprocessed Human Weave).

Similar results have been reported by^{Mining Machine Spring Cone Crusher for Stone Rock Ore Crushing}),High Quality Jqx-37f Type of Power Relay-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{Biodegradablepla Customized Disposable Compostable Coffee Cup Lid Selling}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,Foam Filled Marine Fenders for Ship.9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (Portable Laser Hair Removal Home Use Personal Handheld IPL); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)New Design Custom Made Neon Acrylic Sign 12V Who Dares Wins LED Light From Maker(i)Hotel Antique Restaurant Round Back Metal Dining Chair'Baronesa'Alta Calidad Bajo Precio Pneumatic Fittings Componentes Neumaticos Accesorios connector Rapido Serie Poc(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

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