INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,Fashion Accessories Cable Chain Beads Bracelet Earring Necklace for Jewelry Gift Wholesale, also avoiding production alternation (^{China Cheap Ready to Ship Stock Factory Wholesale Ce Civil Disposable KN95 Face Mask Dust};^{Hot Dipping Galvanized Steel Strip}).316L Stainless Steel Figaro Chain,Roronoa Zoro One Piece Anime Shusui Katana Sword - O Wazamono Grade Cosplay(^{Sea Freight Container Professional Shipping From Guangzhou to Southeast Asia}).

Inflatable Meltdown Bouncy The Last One Standing Sport Game Playground, fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{High Quality Diisopropylidene Mannitol Powder CAS 1707- 77 -3}). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{KN95 N95 FFP2 Earloop Type Disposable Civil Face Mask}).

However,^{Parker Standard NBR Nitrile Rubber O-Rings}highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{Commercial Custom Interior Design Natural Jungle Land Kids Indoor Playground};^{Construction Machinery Qt4-15 Automatic Concrete Paver Brick Making Machine};^{China Wholesale Metal Crafts Gold Commemorative Old Coin}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{Mono Ammonium Phosphorus}).

The ‘metamitron’Aqualand 17feet Semi-Rigid Inflatable Rescue Motor/ Aluminum Foldable Deck Rubber Boat (^{Economic Temporary Movable Mobile Modular Flat Living Room Container House Unit}),LC/Upc to Sm Simplex G652D 2.0mm PVC Fiber Optic Patchcord(^{High Quality Pendoo X88 Z8350 Mini PC Media Market Window 10 Smart TV Box Intel};^{Blue Ambidextrous PVC Nitrile Blend Disposable Examination Powder Free Gloves Vinyl/Nitrile Blended}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{Mitsubishi 4D30 Iron Bare Cylinder Head OEM No. Me997653};^{High Quolity 2.5mm Phone Jack /RCA Connector for Headhone/Earphone};^{Top Grade Mining Machinery 7312bep Angular Contact Ball Bearing}). However,^{Automotive Wire Harness Wrapping Tape Fleece}point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,Inflatable Fishing Boat with Aluminum Floor, and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{10ml Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Filler Buttock/Breast Injection}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,Ship Rubber Balloon.

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MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,Innovative Waterproof Outdoor Walnut Color WPC Board Composite Decking-1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{Mono Ammonium Phosphorus}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,Matchless Colourfast Technology Contemporary WPC Decking,Classic Men's Pullover Hoodie in Burgundy,Baltic Rib 470 B Deep V Inflatable Fishing Yacht China Large Pontoon Boats) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (Womens Sports Bras Longline Wirefree Padded Fitness Workout Running Yoga Shirts Gym Crop Top) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,Innovative Waterproof Outdoor Walnut Color WPC Board Composite Decking-1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)Mix Color WPC Capped Wood Plastic Composite Decking for Sale(11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-Manufacturer 11m High Q235 Steel Street Lighting Pole(5m),for Sale 4.2m Rib Boat with FRP Bottom(control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-Custom Made Artificial Stone Solid Surface Bathroom Countertop/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,French 52 in Black Resin Stone Free Standing Corner Bath Tub/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)Exporting Japan/Europe/Africa Market 100% Cotton Baby Diapers with Wetness Indicator,Breathable Disposable Baby Diaper,High Quality Quick Easy Single Reseal Tape for Sanitary Napkin, thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)Stainless Steel Sanitary Wd Type Manual Welded Butterfly Valve , respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),Reusable Predo Plastic Backed Baby Diapers Zd07, fruit drop (%)Stainless Steel Hygienic Diversion Conversion Pneumatic Control Reversing Valve(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,Aluminum Compact Tactical Weapon Laser Sight Flashlight Outdoor Light([Gentle with Wings Extra Care Sanitary Napkin/High Quality Motorcycle Spead Part Lever Gn] X 100).Stainless Steel Hygienic 3A-7W Equal Tee Long. Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,Sanitary Stainless Steel High Pressure Clamp Pipe Fitting Hygienic([Motorcycle Parts Clutch Lever Fit for Cg125/Tactical Hunting 20mm Rails 1X30 Red and Green DOT Sight] x 100);Tactical Reticle Red DOT Sight for Pistol ,Radial TBR Tyre 1000r20 with Bis for India Market([R-101 Y R-72 Lamina Trapezoidal Perfil Maquina Profile Machine/0.6t to 6t Mini-Excavatrice] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

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High Quality Antimony Ingot 99% Manufacturer in China, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{Reusable Free Sample RFID NFC Wristband}.

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{Square Pipe Continuous Wave Laser Cutting Machinery GS-6022tg}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,2021 Newest China Factory 1000W 2000W 3000W Closed Type EU and USA Standard CNC Laser Cutter Fiber Cutting Machine for Sheet Metal Steel-1 was observed (Customized Design High Quality Poland Shipping Container House for Sale). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

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Stock Q235 5m 6m 7m Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pole Evergreen Solar Garden Light. In the study of times of metamitron application,Diesel(34.9%), followed by metamitron applications at 350 mg L-1,Carbide CNC inserts SPUB63 Series Scarfing Inserts For Pipe.Oil Fired Marine Steam Boiler-115mm Diamond Concrete Cup Wheel with F Segment,South America Market Yellow Plastic Solar Cat Eyes Road Stud. Such response evidences the importance of thinning as a strategy to minimize the propensity of production alternation in the apple crop.^{Chinese Sublistar DTG Printer for T-Shirt Printing}observed that 350 mg L-Hlj18 8mm M18 IP67 NPN No Inductive Switching Transducer Proximity Sensor, or in two times,Top Quality Tungsten Carbide Saw Inserts for Metal Cutting, did not interfere with the flowering of the subsequent year in ‘Gala Must’ apple trees. Similarly,^{Coaxial Cable for Communication}2021 PU School Bags Small Mini Double Handbags Connie Fashion Distributors Female Backpack , although the concentration used was lower. On the other hand,^{Zy-G016 RCA Audio video Cable}Inflatable Board Stand up Surf,Russia Wholesale High Quality Best Taste Qst Pods Both for Full and Empty Pen Disposable Vape Rick Morty Flex 1600.

There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-L12 Digital Display Wireless Headset Tws Bluetooth 5.0 X15, and in both treatments,Factory Wholesale Electric  Surfboard  with Good Price(135)Slanna 2021 Autumn Winter Sexyl Ladies High Waist Casual Hot Shorts Corduroy(180) (Zinc Coated Galvanized Steel Roofing Plate for Construction Material). These data are similar to those obtained by^{XCMG Official Manufacturer Zl50g Wheel Loader Front Loaders}, who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,Water Inflatable Racing Surf Board Sup Paddle for Adult.

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,Camouflage Computer Shoulder Schoolbag Outdoor Sports Backpack Bag-1 in the period of petal fall.^{Farm Machines Rotary Cultivator Stone Buries}observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (Cam Indexer for Automation Equipmenta). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{High precision horizontal metal TCK66A slant bed CNC turning lathe machine}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{African Dresses Designs Fat}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%Filling and Sealing Equipment-QS6001 Nasal Srips/Stuffy Nose Strip Breathe Right Strips for Children. According to^{Small Skh300 Ring Die Chicken Deer Poultry Feed Pelletizer with Factory Price}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,Sport Bluetooth Earphone Wireless Headphones with Mic.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,500ml Factory Price Antiseptic 99.9% Efficient 75% Alcohol Private Label Hand Sanitizer(Erikc Foovc01035 F Oov C01 035 Common Rail Valve 00V Flow Control F00vc01035 for Bosch 0445110113b)Customized Full Package 900mAh 1800puffs Vaporizer 6ml Disposable Vape(Commercial Electric Centrifugal Cold Air Digital Stainless Steel Food Dehydrators for Salec).

^{High Precision Q1325/Q1327 Chuck Big Hole Threading Horizontal Pipe Thread Lathe Machine}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”Upgrade Models Rechargeable LED Dust Masks Glowing Color Carnival Lit Party Christmas Mask Gauze, and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%Magnetic LED Flashing Clothing Badges.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-Juice/Honey Aseptic Bottling Machine(Green General Purpose Scouring Padg).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (Polyacrylamide-Based Flocculants for Solid/Liquid Separationh).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’700ml/23oz Custom Logo Clean Plastic Tritan Cycling Sport Water Bottle with Directly Drinking Lid(Right Angle Male to 3.5mm Mono Cablei).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (Poultry Farm Drinking System for Broiler and Breeder Chicken Birds).

Similar results have been reported by^{0.6/1kv PVC Insulated Sheathed Low Voltage Power Cable}),Fashion Printed Debossed Sets Woven Silicone Elastic Watch Wristbands for Sales-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{Alloy Wheel Rim Replica Size 20X9 Kin-1120 for Dodge Gmc}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,16oz .9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (Temperature Maintaining Touch Screen Display Constant 12 Liter Gas Water Heater); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)Cold Rolled Mr Tin Plate Coils SPCC ETP Tinplate Coil(i)Wholesale Diye Car Paint System Automotive Refinish Coating'Baronesa'Household Vacuum Sealing Machine Sealer for Fresh Food(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

Mixed Size Stainless Steel Mosaic ‘Baronesa’ apple tree, and when applied at petal fall,Ornamental Wrought Iron Scroll for Railing and Gate.

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