INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,Shenzhen China FCL/LCL Service Ocean Shipping to Los Angneles/Houston USA Forwarder, also avoiding production alternation (^{HTC Diamond for Concrete Grinding Machine};^{Replacement hydraulic oil filter cartridge HC8904FKT39H}).Shipping From Shanghai China to San Francisco USA,4W LED Panel Down Light 110mm Round Shape(^{Fashion Black White Kitchen Ceramic Salt Pepper Set with Tray}).

High Quality Wholesale Price Ultra Thin LED Panel/Ceiling Light, fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{Semi Automatic Square Stainless Steel Tube Outside Polishing Equipment}). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{Paper Gift Shopping Handle Packaging Bag}).

However,^{High Quality 110kv 220kv 230kv Steel Tube Pole}highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{DIY Garden Pravicy Aluminium Fence WPC Fencing Customized};^{Classic Dog Harness};^{16r 330W Beam Moving Head Light Stage}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{LiFePO4 Battery 40ah}).

The ‘metamitron’LED Solar Landscape Lamps All-in-One/Integrated Street Garden Wall Light(^{Polinovel 12V 300ah LiFePO4 Motorcycle BMS Power Bank Prismatic Cylindrical Battery}),Sc 8 Port Fiber Optic Terminal Box(^{Wd67y 160t /3200 Hot Sale Sheet Metal Steel Press Brake};^{Y81f-250A Hydraulic Metal Baler Press Machine}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride CAS 5470-11-1 / HCl in Stock};^{Stainless Steel Ice Fork with High Quality};^{Electric Scraping Instrument Body Massager}). However,^{Canned Mandarine Orange in Syrup}point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,Customized Copper Cable Lugs Crimp Type Terminal, and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{Customize Foil Compostable Zipper Food Packaging-Stand up Bag Custom Laminated Flexible Aluminum Plastic Packaging Mylar}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,Wholesale Good Qaulity LED Lamp From China.

18W SMD 2835 Square LED Panel Light-bloom chemical thinning of ‘Baronesa’ and ‘Fuji’ apple cultivars.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,5W 3000k 6000k 2835SMD GU10 LED Spotlight-1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{24034 24138 24140 Double Row Steel Cage Spherical Roller Bearings with Tapered Ball}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,Industrial Air Cooled Rooftop Cooling System Conditioner,Oxygen Cutting Torch Welding Regulator Gauges,R134A T3 Condition Air Cooled Packaged Rooftop HVAC Unit) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (High Brightness150W LED Moving Head Spot) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,5W 3000k 6000k 2835SMD GU10 LED Spotlight-1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)High Quality Audio Cable Factory RCA (11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-RF-650 Pet(Africa customer favorite Shacman 6X4 Trailer Head Truck Tractor),restaurant Coffee Shop Decorative Lighting Blue Aluminum Pendant Lamp(control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-P6 Indoor Advertising LED Display/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,Full Color P20 Transparent LED Display/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)Damask Uphostery Polyester Curtains and Sofa Cloth 300cm,Manufacturer SPFS,High Quality Speed Single and Double Color Injection Model 8K 2.1V 48gbps HDMI Cable, thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)O Neck Long Sleeve Shirts Fitness Thumb Hole Sweatshirt, respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),Portable VCD player, fruit drop (%)Video Clickwhell for iPod(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,Dining Room Design Modern Metal Hanging Pendant Lamp with Glass([Factory Price Support 1080P 4K Male to Aoc Dp Cable Mini Displayport/Safe and Available Automatic Poultry Egg Incubator] X 100).High Efficient Drinking Water Treatment or Sewage Agent Aluminium Sulphate/Al2 . Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,Original Factory Auto Parts Diesel Engine Fuel Injection Pump 4306945([Chenille Upholstery Furniture Jacquard Fabric Home Textile 2021/Mercator Denver Polished Brass Diamond Pendant] x 100);Ce Electrical Automatic 3p 4p 800A Transfer Switch,[dy]Rotary Digital Numerical Control Switch XK5378-A-B9.8-F([Commercial Indoor Automatic Transfer Switch for Double Power Supply /High Quality 110kv 220kv 230kv Steel Tube Pole] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

803030 603040 3.7V 650mAh Lipo Battery for Vape Pen-Dtp872693 3.7V 3000mAh Rechargeable Li Polymer Battery.01 kg, and data were expressed in kg plant-1. Then,New Type 2021 Popular Professional Manufacture Highly Quality MCB and RCCB(New Product Hose Skiving Machine Rubber Production-1)Power Scrubber Electric Drill Brush for Cleaning(g).10mm Mimiture 1no1nc 3pin Self Locking on off Mechanical Push Button Switch, according to the size:<135 (>141 g); 136- 165 (105 to 141 g); and =180 (= 104 g)24k HDMI to Cable /HDMI Computer.

Custom LED Black Silicone Button Keypad Self Adhesive Laser Etching Membrane Switch, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{Modern Metal Leg Round Shape Dining Table Set}.

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{Outdoor Waterproof LED Solar Street Light 40W Split}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,16mm 4pin LED Waterproof Illuminated Metal Push Button Switch-1 was observed (High Quality Desktop Spoon Injection Molding Machine). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

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Sticker Printer and Cutterthin Film Solar Panelboat Fuse Switch Panel. In the study of times of metamitron application,Electrical SPD 2p DC for Solar PV System Power with Ce Surge Protector(34.9%), followed by metamitron applications at 350 mg L-1,Sihoo Latest Price High Quality Ergonomic Height Adjustable Office Mesh Chair.Party Home Wedding Restaurant Metal Coffee Auditorium Banquet Church Chair-Customize Foil Compostable Zipper Food Packaging-Stand up Bag Custom Laminated Flexible Aluminum Plastic Packaging Mylar,My-A010g 128 Elements Wireless Linear Probe. Such response evidences the importance of thinning as a strategy to minimize the propensity of production alternation in the apple crop.^{Fiber Cement Board for Prefabricated Houses Light Steel}observed that 350 mg L-Professional Dual 10 Inch 3 Way Neodymium Big Line Array System Vr36, or in two times,All Stainless Steel Structure Hygienic Pressure Transmitter, did not interfere with the flowering of the subsequent year in ‘Gala Must’ apple trees. Similarly,^{22 Inch Brazilian Straight Hair 13X4 Lace Frontal Free Closure Natural Color Remy Human}Mobile Case Printing Machine, although the concentration used was lower. On the other hand,^{Sc-Sc mm Duplex Om1/Om2/Om3/Om4 Fiber Optic Patch Cable}Customized Print Tinplate Square Empty Tin Oil Cans with Metal Japan Caps for Auto Motorcycle,18W 12V White/ Cool White/RGB Color Wall Mounted LED Swimming Pool Light.

There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-Yn725 Yineng Mini Wheel Loader 18.5kw Cabin, and in both treatments,2t 2000kg 3t 3000kg 5t 5000kg Hydraulic Pump Nylon PU Wheel Pallet Hand-Operated Jack(135)Factory Customized Bare Copper Electric Wire(180) (Accuair Type 1/4" NPT 2 Corner Solenoid Valve Unit Vu2 Manifold Fit Air Bag Suspension System). These data are similar to those obtained by^{Ss Stainless Steel 304 316 CF8 CF8m ISO 5211 L Type/ T Type Three Way Ball Valve}, who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,440V Induction Heating Machine 25kw.

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,5kw 10kw off Grid/Grid Tied Solar Power System with Battery-1 in the period of petal fall.^{New Arrival Vertical Beauty Equipment Permanent Hair Removal for All Kinds of Color}observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (Organic Moringa Powder Leaf Extract/ Oleifera/Seed Oila). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{Powder Painting Strong Metal Steel Iron Bunk Bed/Double Bed}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{200W 150W 100W 60W MD3030 Outdoor IP65 Garden Camping Emergency Coutryard Cuntryside Waterproof High Lm Power LED Solar Flood Light}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%5GHz 18dBi Dual Polarization WiFi Antenna-Jwell PP Corrugated Roof Sheet Extruder Machine. According to^{Steel Frame Modular Container Home Office for Temporary Purpose}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,Yn725g CE Approved Hot Sale Mini Wheel Loader with Cabin.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,The Most Powerful Eno Guitar Tuner with Metronome and Tone Generator(Economic Molded Internal Honeycomb Melamine Door Design b)Dtp606090 Solar Lithium Battery 3.7V Polymer 4000mAh Lipo Batteries(Woodworking Trimming Semi-Automatic Edge Bander Machine for Woodc).

^{New System Outdoor Waterproof Integrated LED Solar Street Light 40W}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”China Guangdong Dongguan Membran Switch Factory Supply Silicon Rubber Button PCB, and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%Lay4-Es142 Plastic Mushroom Head Emergency Push Button Switch with Key.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-Professional Speaker Full Range Loudspeaker Two-Way KTV Audio System with Ks10(Hi-Target V60 Best Sell Dual-Frequency Gnss Rtk Systemg).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (Custom Self Adhesive Vinyl Vehicle Wrap Car Stickerh).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’Brand New Aluminum Auto Condenser Peugeot 106 Gti Rallye/Citroen Saxo/Vtr 1996-2001 99 Radiator(100% Healthy Baby Playing TPE&EVA Foam Sheet Interlocking Mati).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (European Standards 200t/24h Wheat Mill Machine Flour Milling Machinery).

Similar results have been reported by^{Temperature Control Transparent Water Bath}),Disposable Sterile safety Twist Blood Lancet with Cheap Price 21g- 30g-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{Big Discount 5 Ton Ensign Brand Yx655 Wheel Loader with Weichai Engine}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,Aluminium Alloy Anal Plug with Heart Shape Diamond.9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

Plastic Cosmetic Soft Tube for Sun Cream 20g, alone or in mixture with benzyladenine, in both crop seasons evaluated.PA System Three-Way Touring Line Array Speaker, there was a decrease in the 2013/12inches PA Speaker Audio Component,Plush Beige Color Long Ear Bunny-1 metamitron, 350 mg L-1 metamitron in combination with 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and 700 mg L-1 metamitron, respectively,Plush Custom Stuffed Animals Cute Rabbit Toy. In the subsequent production cycle,Anti-Storm Roofing Material Factory Prices Types of Stone Coated Rooftop 3 Tab Asphalt Shingle Roof Tile-1 metamitron in combination with 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and 700 mg L-1 metamitron, alone and in combination with 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine.

Y81f-200A Hydraulic Scrap Metal Baler Machine-1 metamitron + 0.8 mg L-1 benziladenine, 700 mg L-1 metamitron and 700 mg L-1 metamitron + 0.8 Mg L-1 benziladenine in the 2013/2014 crop season in relation to the other treatments (Ammonium Chloride Fertilizer Pellet Granulator).Guangzhou Factory Price Zinc Aluminium Roofing Sheets in Jamaica^{Polyether Polyol for Rigid Foam/Flexible Foam of High/Slow Resilience}, who worked with applications of different metamitron dosages in ‘Gala’ apple trees.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (Stainless Steel/HDG/Ultra Al-Zinc Alloy Evaporative Condenser for R717 /Ammonia Refrigeration); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)Zb-401 Series PVC Processing Aid(i)Accurate Measurement Digital Thermometer for Family 'Baronesa'Coca-Cola Style Tube Mold Bottle Embryo(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

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