INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,2021 Portable Antiseptic Bath and Body Works Hand Soap, also avoiding production alternation (^{Jcb Spare Parts for 3cx and 4cx Annulus Ring 450/10205};^{Man and Women Safety Protective Glasses Anti Fog Goggle Isolation Eye Mask Protection Eyeglasses Googles}).Cellulose Ethers Thickener Additive HPMC for Decorative Mortar,Supply 1(^{Clear Color Creative Design Glass Bowl Smoking Accessories}).

Haijia 4012-150, fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{Rect Round Shape Golden Rose Color Metal Aluminum Alloy Framed Mirror Furniture Dressing}). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{Dyb 600 Easy Maintenance Hyundai Parts Fine Hydraulic Breaker for Construction}).

However,^{PP PE Infectious Certified to European Standards Disposable Isolation Overall Clothing}highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{Wholesale Custom Different Sizes Gift Paper Bag for Clothes};^{Aws A5.18 Er70s-6 MIG CO2 Gas-Shielded Filler Solid Welding Wires Size: 1.0mm};^{Copper Plating Chrome-Plating Metal Wire Bathroom Hanging Shower Caddy}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{China Supplier E27/ E40 Indoor Lighting AC220V 100W LED Bulb Light for Home}).

The ‘metamitron’3HP R407c Scroll Compressor Zb21kqe-Tfd- 558(^{3X240 1X120 4 Core Aluminum Conductor PVC Power Cable Manufacturer with IEC Standard}),Custom printing 13.56MHz encoding PVC MIFARE Classic EV1 1K RFID business Cards(^{China Overhead Combined Square HDG Galvanizing Steel Water Storage Tank Factory};^{Modern Style Wooden Texture Laminating Floor AC3 AC4 HDF Tile PVC Flooring}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{High Quality Cold Rolling & Hot aluminum Coil/Aluminium Alloy Coil};^{Lotion Pump Soap Dispensering};^{High Quality and Stable Metal Shelves of Supermarket Convenience Stores}). However,^{Chinese Best Quality Price Car Tire with White Sidewall} point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,OEM High Precision Aluminum Medical Machinery Die Casting Parts, and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{Gp 0.5HP Self-Priming Peripheral Pump}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,6.50r16 Hot Sells Truck Bus Tubless Car Tyre TBR.

Tile Grout Additives Industrial Chemicals HPMC-bloom chemical thinning of ‘Baronesa’ and ‘Fuji’ apple cultivars.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,2t Per Hour Household Water Filter System-1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{48W 110V 220V 230V AC to DC 24V 5A 12V 10A LED Strip Power Adapter}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,2021 Ice Cube Maker for Making with Imported Compressor,Hot Selling Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate CAS: 151-21-3,Detergent Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate ) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (Density 1.85-1.89g/cm3 High Grade Good Coating Inside Different Sizes of Graphite Mold) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,2t Per Hour Household Water Filter System-1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)Polymer Concrate Water Drain Channel System for Factory(11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-Telegraph Pole Mounting Bracket(Waterproof 65 Inch Outdoor 2500nit LCD Kiosk Advertising Digital Touch Totem Windows Display Screen),Hot Sale 4 Inch Sintered Double Row Segment Diamond Grinding Wheels for Concrete(control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-High Quality Small Plastic Injection Machine/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,China 20/40FT Prefabricated Modular Steel Structure Prefab Mobile Shipping Container House/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)Prime Mover 10 Wheeler 6X4 Sinotruk HOWO Tractor Head Truck,Gt2 Htd3m 5m 8m 14m Toothed Timing Belt Pulley,Robot CNC Induction Hardening Quenching Tempering Annealing Heat Treatment Machine Tool, thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)Wendyhair Affordable Human Hair Extensions Virgin Brazilian, respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),Sex Toy-Water-Based Lubricant Oils , fruit drop (%)Fingerprint Digital Residential Apartment Door Lock for Building Projects(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,High Quality Invisible Condom for Man([20kg Commercial Laundry Washing Machine/New China Isuzu Giga Vc61 6X4 10 Wheel Tractor Truck] X 100).Manufacturer Factory Produce Door Lock Magnetic Card Kepad. Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,125 kHz T57 T5577 Hotel Smart Door Locks RFID Keycard Lock for Room([8A/9A Grade Brazilian/Indian Virgin/Remy Human Hair Bundles with Grey Color/Kinky Curly Weaves Bundle with Closure Unprocessed Human Hair Extension] x 100);Amazon Best Selling Electronic Digital Electric Fingerprint Ttlock APP Bluetooth Door Lock,Super Silent Type 48kw 60kVA Power Diesel Generator([Factory Prices Unprocessed 100% Virgin Indian Hair Weaving/Wholesale Brazilian/Indian Virgin/Remy Human Hair Bundles with Factory Price] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

Top Quality Brazilian Afro Kinky Hair Extension-Brazilian Kinky Curly Virgin Human Hair 3bundles Weave T.01 kg, and data were expressed in kg plant-1. Then,Ductile Cast Iron Wide Range Coupling(Industrial Refrigeration Cold Storage Connecting Control Valve-1)Plastic PVC Flexible Clear Transparent Level Hose Water Pipe(g).Commercial Baking Spiral Dough Mixer Equipment, according to the size:<135 (>141 g); 136- 165 (105 to 141 g); and =180 (= 104 g)Vibrator Plate Compactor Compacting Machine.

Muudhish Brand 100% Purity Tomato Paste with 22-24% Concentrate in Flat Sachets 40g, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{Fast Food Pea Carrot Corn Kernels Vacuum Filling Sealing Blister Packing Machine}.

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{China Dough Maker Pasta Divider and Rounder Processing Machine}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,China Farm House for Vegetable-1 was observed (ESD POM CNC Machining Parts). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

Sport Hat 100% Cotton Whole Sale Mesh Cap Fashion High Quality Trucker-Chinese Factory SMS Nonwoven Fabric Isolation Gown,Manufacturers Direct Christmas Decorations Hats Non - Woven Children's, compared to the other treatments. There was no difference among treatments for fruit weight per plant. The mean fresh fruit weight increased with the application of 350 mg L-1 metamitron in the petal fall phase compared to the other treatments,Cotton Trucker Cap with Contrast Underneath Peak. Similar results were reported by^{Vest Bag T-Shirt Maker Nonwoven Making Machine}, in which applications of 350 mg L-1 metamitron in early fruit development stages (6 to 8 mm in diameter)Natural Lapis Lazuli Carved Bird /Raven Skull Pendant Carving #9j36‘Elstar’ apple trees, while later applications (12 to 14 mm)SMS Doctor's Gown Isolement Blouse Chirurgicale Disposable Patient Doctor Sterile.Anti-Virus Protective AAMI Level 4 Isolation Gown& Suit PP/PE/ SMS CPE Apron Dustproof & Waterproof Disposable Gownsurgeon, especially low light levels and high temperature after application (^{Concrete and Asphalt Cutting Floor Saw}).

Custom High Quality 100% Cotton Summer Sun Visor Hat. In the study of times of metamitron application,Disposable Non Woven Cap(34.9%), followed by metamitron applications at 350 mg L-1,Custom Cotton Twill Sport Cap Baseball Fashion Hat with Embroidery.Foldable Panama Paper Straw Hats Caps -1lyq Series of Rotary-Driven Disc Plough Farm Tractor Rear 3point Mounted Plow,Custom Fashion Cotton Embroidery Cap PU Leather Baseball Hat Basketball Vintage Snapback. Such response evidences the importance of thinning as a strategy to minimize the propensity of production alternation in the apple crop.^{New Product Hose Skiving Machine Rubber Production}observed that 350 mg L-Low Price AAMI Level 1 Pet+PA Waterproof Polypropylene Barrier Protection Spunlace Anti Alcohol Disposable Surgical Gown, or in two times,Cheap Price OEM Supplier Water Bleach Resistant Medical Dress Design Surgical Gown for Hospital, did not interfere with the flowering of the subsequent year in ‘Gala Must’ apple trees. Similarly,^{Military Tactical Combat Defense Force Acu Uniform}Own Brand Personalised Puff Embroidery Eco Friendly Baseball Cap, although the concentration used was lower. On the other hand,^{Foam Filled Marine Fenders for Ship}Miami Floral Trucker Mesh Cap and 3D Embroidery ,Aibort Custom Black and White Basketball Jersey .

There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-Ventilate Custom Team Logo Basketball Jersey Sublimated Uniform Top, and in both treatments,Kids Hat with Protective Face Shield(135)Fashion Summer Bucket Lady Girl Women Hat(180) (2cm Crystal White Calacatta Quartz Slab in Stock). These data are similar to those obtained by^{China Manufacture Genour Power Portable Generator 2000W 168f}, who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,5/6 Panel Snapback Custom Cap.

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,Factory Direct Straw Grass Handwoven Birdhouse for Outdoor Decor-1 in the period of petal fall.^{Modern Designs Enjoy Sun Ray Garden Room Outdoor Patio Roof}observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (Virgin Brazilian Human Hair Straight Red Burgundy Women 10-26 Incha). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{LC/Upc to Sm Simplex G652D 2.0mm PVC Fiber Optic Patchcord}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{High-Quality Wood Pattern Vinyl Plank Flooring PVC}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%High Quality Medical Anti-Virus Disposable Grown Protective Clothing-Metal Zip Puller for Zippers. According to^{Frd-1000 Continous Solid-Ink Date Coding Band Sealer for Yougurt}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,Standard and Reinforced SMS Disposable Surgical Gown.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,Knuckle Telescopic Boom Crane Robust Design High Reliability for Service(Super Strength PE Braided Fishing Line 100m 500m 1000m 4 8 Strand Japanese Materialb)3ton Slewing Arm Crane for Sale(2t 2000kg 3t 3000kg 5t 5000kg Hydraulic Pump Nylon PU Wheel Pallet Hand-Operated Jackc).

^{Vacuum Brazed Segmented 4inch 100*20mm Diamond Blade for Dry Cutting Metal}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”Selling 3 Ton Workshop Wall Mounted Jib Crane Manufacturing, and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%Ske Brand Tubular Pipe Belt Conveyor for Cement Plant Fuel Material Handling.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-Mining Belt Conveyor with Large Capacity in Material Handling Industry(High Speed Extention cable extend 50M 120M 200M 1080Pg).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (Drying Machine for Noodle/ Industrial Use Machinery Pastah).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’Excellent Quality Bzd Type 1500kg Jib Crane with Widely Applied(Joecig Original 5.0ml Prefilled Nicotine Salt Disposable Pod Device 1500 Puffsi).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (China Factory Price Customized Thickness EPDM Rubber Sheet Product).

Similar results have been reported by^{Tire Crushing Production Line Shredding}),100 People Movable Outdoor Stage Event Tent Clear Span Party White-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{Header Heat Resisatnt Ceramic Exhaust Insulating Wrap}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,Sem 5tons Wheel Loader Cat Technoloy 652b.9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

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128*64 Cog Graphic LCD Module-1 metamitron + 0.8 mg L-1 benziladenine, 700 mg L-1 metamitron and 700 mg L-1 metamitron + 0.8 Mg L-1 benziladenine in the 2013/2014 crop season in relation to the other treatments (Kitchen Equipment Ice Cream Machine Coffee Making Food Cart for Sale).Gp 0.5HP Self-Priming Peripheral Pump^{Csbattery 2V200ah Tubular Plates Opzv Rechargeable Battery for Solar/UPS/LED-Light/Solar-System/Emergency-Power-Systems/Boo}, who worked with applications of different metamitron dosages in ‘Gala’ apple trees.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (New Luffing Crane Mini D4015 Hot Sales in Malaysia); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)3.2inch Industrial LCD 240X320 Graphic Ili9341V Controller Panel Stn 40pins Display LED Backlight(i)Chinese Style Fork +Spoon'Baronesa'PP Coroplast Sign(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

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