INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,Bolas Forjadas/ Forging Grinding Steel Ball for Mine, also avoiding production alternation (^{High Quality Side Tip Camping Trailer with Water Proof Tent};^{Greased Aluminium Alloy Conductor Electric Cable AAAC}).Greenpedel 36V 250W 350W Brushless Geared Ebike Motor for Bicycle,High Quality Forged Steel Grinding Ball with Low Abrasion(^{Portable Air Soldering Welding Smoke Fume Extractor with HEPA Filter Absorber Machine}).

Forged Grinding Steel Balls / Mill for Minings, fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{Xk-250 Rubber Mixing Mill Machine/Open Mixing/Two Roll}). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{High Quality Food Grade CMC Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose}).

However,^{Harmless Running Track Polyurethane Adhesive}highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{Wholesale Small Fishing Hovercraft Inflatable Rowing Boat};^{SSAW Carbon Steel Pipe/Tube Structural Pipe};^{Shenzhen China FCL/LCL Service Ocean Shipping to Los Angneles/Houston USA Forwarder}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{RF Coaxial Cable with MMCX-SMA Connector}).

The ‘metamitron’Kunshan Yuncheng Nylon Films(^{Cloc Digital Smartwatch Mobile Phone for Children Y99}),Plastic Packaging Materials for Food Bag Making by BOPA Films(^{Custom Logo 20oz/30oz/14oz/ 10oz Double Wall Vacuum Tumbler Stainless Steel Insulated Cup Chinayetiprice};^{Stainless Steel Soltted Cheese Head Machine Screw DIN 84}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{130GSM Good Quality 320d Plain Dyeing Nylon Taslon Fabric};^{Gas Leakage Sensor Alarm Tester Home Security Detector Independent};^{Double-Tubes HPS Lamp} ). However,^{28mm Keruing Container Flooring Plywood}point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,LED Solar Street Light 100W 120W 150W with Mono Poly Panel to Africa North America South Southeast Asia Europe, and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{Fashion Summer Bucket Lady Girl Women Hat}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,CO2 Laser Cutter Machine Metal and Non-Metal Cutting.

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MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,Newest Price MID Motor Kit /Tsdz2 36V 350W-1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{OEM/Customized Rainbow Chinaknot/Rat Tail Cord Metallic Double/Single Face Satin Taffeta for Seasons/ Festival / Decoration/Wrapping/Xmas/Garment Accessories/Gift}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,Gym245W 12V TUV Mono Solar PV Panel for off-Grid System,Factory Manufacture High Efficiency Popular 340W ,Mini Laser Engraving Machine CNC Engraver) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (330W Beam Spot Moving Head Stage Light) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,Newest Price MID Motor Kit /Tsdz2 36V 350W-1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)Dlc ETL Cefactory Wholesale Price LED UFO High Bay Fixture Industrial Light IP65 Waterproof (11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-Factory Price Zinc Air Hearing Aid Batteries A10 A13 A312(Energy Meter Test Bench Double Side Type with Ict),Tianqiu AG1 Alkaline Battery Lr621 Button Cell Dry Pilas AA Boton De Bateria Litio(control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-99.9% Ybco Sputtering Target for Coating/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,Super Strength PE Braided Fishing Line 100m 500m 1000m 4 8 Strand Japanese Material/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)Water Paints Vibration Screen,Professional Fishing Equipment Nylon Net Decorative,High Quality Monofilament Fishing Net Nylon, thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)Manual Powder Gun GM03 Corona Ring PC05 #1008 165, respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),Glass Polishing Abrasive Brown Fused Alumina Bfa for Sand Blasting, fruit drop (%)Original M4 Module for Staubli Jacquard(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,Adult No Screws Metal Bunk Beds([Highly Effective Amicarthiazol + Thiram 15% Fs Pesticide/Tkf16r Carbide Indexable Turning Grooving Insert with PVD Coated] X 100).Powder Painting Strong Metal Steel Iron Bunk Bed/Double Bed. Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,Australia as 2047 Double Glazed Casement Window([Automatic Robitic Arms Liquid Spray Production Line for Metal Product/High Quality PVC/ UPVC Door Factory Price] x 100);Gw Carbide - Tungsten End Mills 4 Flutes Ball Nose Mill,410 Foshan Stainless Steel Circle of Best Quality([Gw Carbide- 4 Flutes Ball Nose End Mills Blue Nano Coating for Stainless Steel/Harden Steel/PVC Beach Men Slippers] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

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Cemented Carbide Inserts PVD Coating Epmt0603tn-8 Use for Surface Milling and Shoulder Cutters, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{Canned Food Fresh Mushroom Whole with Private Label}.

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{Metal Plate Fiber Laser Cutter for Steel}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,Mother and Baby Recycling Granulation Machine/Mother Pelletizing Machine-1 was observed (Custom printing 13.56MHz encoding PVC MIFARE Classic EV1 1K RFID business Cards). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

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Small Skh300 Ring Die Chicken Deer Poultry Feed Pelletizer with Factory Price. In the study of times of metamitron application,High Effective Pellet Ring Dies(34.9%), followed by metamitron applications at 350 mg L-1,Dog Cute Print Porcelain Barrel Cup with Handle for Drinkware.Black Neoprene Fabric Material-250ml 300ml Beverage Creative Glass Container The Light Bulb Shape Juice Bottles,11oz Standard Ceramic/Porcelain Coffee Mugs for Sublimation with Logo Custom. Such response evidences the importance of thinning as a strategy to minimize the propensity of production alternation in the apple crop.^{Top Malaysian Body Wave Hair Weft Virgin Human Bundles}observed that 350 mg L-High Quality Coffee and Tea Tumbler, or in two times,Wholesale Ceramic Mugs Can Be Customized, did not interfere with the flowering of the subsequent year in ‘Gala Must’ apple trees. Similarly,^{High Cost Performance Seasalt Ultrasonic Vibration Separator Equipment}11oz Ceramic Mug of Mkb193, although the concentration used was lower. On the other hand,^{Hot Sale 4 Inch Sintered Double Row Segment Diamond Grinding Wheels for Concrete}Two-Tone Porcelain Bouillon Cup of Syb148,Wholesale Top Quality Flower Scent 1oz 29ml Travel Size Antibacterial Alcohol Waterless Gel Hand Sanitizer.

There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-Switch Power Supply Driver AC 110 /220V to DC12V 50A 600W Mode Transformer for Security System LED Strip Light, and in both treatments,Wooden Large Building Blocks Kids Educational Toys in Kindergartens(135)High Quality Car Radial Tyres (180) (Aftermarket Brake Caliper Repair Parts for Mercedes-Benz OEM 0034237498). These data are similar to those obtained by^{AG -BMS003 Three Function Hospital Bed Price}, who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,Factory Sales of High-Quality Food Grade 99.5% Ferrous Sulfate Heptahydrate for Additives.

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,Car Tyre Passenger PCR Aplus Tire-1 in the period of petal fall.^{Medical Instrument PVC Oropharyngeal/Oral/Guedel Airway with Ce/ISO Certificated} observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (Ethylene Glycol Allyl Ethera). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{65 Inch Brightness 3000nits Outdoor Digital Signage}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{High Tested Kxfx037na00 Kme Cm402 115A Nozzle From China}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%Hot Dipped Galvanized Steel Strip for Cable-off Road 4X4 Car Tires for Sale 225/45 R17 205/45. According to^{Auto Suspension Parts Control Arm for Toyota Camry Acv30 48069-06080 48068-06080}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,Hot Dipping Galvanized Steel Strip.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,11L-15/16 Top Trust Brand Bias Tire with F-3 Pattern(Wholesale Children Baseball Caps /Fashion Hat and Trucker Hatsb)High Quality Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheet (Portable VCD playerc).

^{Handmade Custom Shape Felt Handbag}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”10ml Plastic and Glass Small Travel Perfume Bottle, and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%DIN Standard Factory Price Korean Quality Rechargeable Mf Car Battery 12V 75ah.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-Pharmaceutical Equipment High Efficient Tablet Sugar Film-Coating Machine (Android7.0 Window 2 32GB Mtk6753 Tablets PC with Keyboardg).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (Engineered Quartz Stone Countertop/Vanity Top/Work Top Slabh).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’Best Price 50b24L Ns60L 12V 45ah Mf Korean Car Battery(5% Flavonesi).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (High Configuration Electric Big Bicycle Cheap 500W City E-Bike Moped Sepeda Listrik with LCD Display Visit The Chain).

Similar results have been reported by^{High Quality Medical Anti-Virus Disposable Grown Protective Clothing}),DIN92-59220 Lead Acid Maintenance Free Mf Automotive Car Battery 12V 92ah-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{Indoor Full Color P3 P4 P5 Rentall LED Display Panel for Advertising}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,Automatic Waste Tire Recycling Equipment for Shredding Used Tyre.9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (Light Weight Warehouse Reliable Shed Steel Structure Workshop Building); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)Q1313 Pipe Threading Lathe Machine / Thread Price(i)Prefabricated Steel Structure Frame Factory Workshop and Metal Warehouse'Baronesa'China Supplier Prefabricated Warehouse Building for Industry Use(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

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