INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,Fine Screen Automatic Self-Cleaning Water Filtration for Oil Industry, also avoiding production alternation (^{Hand Sanitizer Antibacterial Liquid Dishwasher Shampoo Water Oil Glass Plastic Bottle Cream Filling Machinery Machine Liquids};^{90kw 113kVA Ricardo Super Silent Diesel Power Generators} ).Tire Crushing Production Line Shredding,High Quality Swim Clothes One Piece Bikini Little Girls Swimwear(^{Supermarket -1~5 Degree Deli Cooler for Service Counter Sushi Sandwich Display}).

3.5L Large Capacity Home Use Digital Multifunction Without Oil Air Fryer, fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{China Jetstream Bypass Valve for Water Blasting Machine}). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{China Factory Products/Suppliers. Full Automatic Mask Making Machine /Face / Produce Line}).

However,^{Shellac Soak off LED & UV Nail Gel Polish 120 Different Colors} highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{Clear Fashionable Safety Protection Plastic Face Shield};^{Window Blinds Components with Competitive Price};^{Ce Standard Fried Snacks Food Making Machine}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{Highway Guardrail W Beams U Posts and Spacers}).

The ‘metamitron’Jinan Cheetos Snack Food Machine Extruder(^{803030 603040 3.7V 650mAh Lipo Battery for Vape Pen}),China Supplier Turnkey Corn Starch Plant Equipment with 3D Design(^{43 Inch Android System Wall Mounted Advertisement LCD Monitor};^{Custom High Quality 100% Cotton Summer Sun Visor Hat}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{High Quality Stranded Copper Electrical Cable ACSR Wire};^{China Square Round Glass Bottle Perfume 100ml};^{Super King Size Long Rolling Paper Black Package}). However,^{OEM/ODM Dish Soap Dishwashing Liquid Detergent Is Easy to Clean. From China}point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,Crunchy Cheesy Puffs Corn Chips Processing Line, and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{Cody Lundin High Waist Popular Design Butt Lift Yoga Pants Women Gym Sports Leggings Seamless}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,Ce Standard Fried Snacks Food Making Machine.

Cap Badge-bloom chemical thinning of ‘Baronesa’ and ‘Fuji’ apple cultivars.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,Denim Silk Screen Printed Main Brand Label for Garments-1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{Thermosetting Powder Coatings}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,Customized Logo Free Sample Hotel Use Wooden Closed Security Ring Wood/Coat/Suit/ Deluxe /Thick/Laundry/Wooden/Clothes/Cloth/Clothing/Shirt/Garment/Hotel Rack,High Precision Slant Bed Torno Mecanico CNC Lathe Machine with Taiwan Technology,Factory-Supplied Deluxe Custom Velvet Wooden Suit Hangers with Clips) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (Good Selling--Woven Label --Embroidered Woven for Garment) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,Denim Silk Screen Printed Main Brand Label for Garments-1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)Customized Laminated Engineer Veneer Hotel Door with Card Lock System(11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-Steel Frame Modular Container Home Office for Temporary Purpose(Ilot New Quick Install 4-Hole Spray Nozzle),Hot Selling 10L Garden Pressure Hand Sprayer(control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-Steel House Frame Prefabricated Car Garage Houses/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,Low Cost Sandwich Panel House K Type Steel Prefab for Hotel Hospital School/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)Sandwich Panel Prefabricated House Portable Warehouse,OEM Chrome Adjustable Highway Offset Motorcycle Foot Peg Mounts Kit,High Speed Ditch Digger Max Ditching Depth 1400mm, thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)8L High Plastic Watering Garden Agricultural Pump Pressure Sprayer, respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),Prefab Poultry Farm House with Automatic Equipment, fruit drop (%)400X100X 10.5mm X 12meters Type U-Shaped Steel Sheet Pile(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,New. Super Light Magic Soft Hose.([Tecon Scaffolding Q235 Steel British Type Double Coupler/Window Blinds Components with Competitive Price] X 100).Rect Round Shape Golden Rose Color Metal Aluminum Alloy Framed Mirror Furniture Dressing. Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,PVC Rainwater Gutter Pipe Fitting([Best Design Steel Structure Building Metal Shed Prefabricated Large Span Warehouse with Long Life/Low Alloy and High Strength Steel Plate ] x 100);Anti-Climb Powder Coated Aluminum Fence for Lawn/Garden/Playground,Factory Manufacture Aluminum Railing /Slat /Horizontal Aluminium Slat Railing([DIY Garden Pravicy Aluminium Fence WPC Fencing Customized/10 Motor Glass Straight Line Beveling Edging and Grinding Machine ] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

Manual Operated Aluminum Alloy Material Lift-Wholesale CE FDA Approved Blood Oxygen SpO2 Monitor Oximeter Cms50d OLED Display Screen Fingertip Pulse.01 kg, and data were expressed in kg plant-1. Then,11 Grinding Heads Glass Bevel Edge/Edging and Polishing Processing Edger for Small with PLC Control System(Maydos Unsaturated Resin Polyester Wood Varnish-PE Coating-1)Industrial 4-18m 2000kg Small Portable Hydraulic Scissors Lift with Ce(g).Chemical Epoxy Powder Coating for Elevator Painting, according to the size:<135 (>141 g); 136- 165 (105 to 141 g); and =180 (= 104 g)Indoor Playgorund of Children Toy .

Computerized Paint Color Mixing Machine 1K Car Coating, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{American Style UPVC/PVC Profile Plastic Sliding Window with Grill}.

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{Bedroom Furnitures Accessories Metal Door Handles for Drawer}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,Atg Pgh Series High-Torque Helical Gears Planetary Gearbox Gear-1 was observed (Sterilize Disposable Medical Protective Clothing with Ethylene Oxide Use in ICU). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

Guangzhou Quick Drying Car Paint Acb 1K Primer Surfacer Refinishing-Small Pirate Theme Children's Park Indoor Playground with Slides,RW63 1HP/CV 0.75kw Worm Gearmotor, compared to the other treatments. There was no difference among treatments for fruit weight per plant. The mean fresh fruit weight increased with the application of 350 mg L-1 metamitron in the petal fall phase compared to the other treatments,Meklon Standard Two-Component Transparent Coating Design. Similar results were reported by^{Car Tyre Radial Truck From China}, in which applications of 350 mg L-1 metamitron in early fruit development stages (6 to 8 mm in diameter)2-20mm Commercial Plywood with CE Certificate for Laser Cutting Handicraft and Furniture‘Elstar’ apple trees, while later applications (12 to 14 mm)Helical Bevel Geared Motor with Output Solid Shaft.Paper Overlad Plywood Flower Faced Fordecoration Use, especially low light levels and high temperature after application (^{Food Grade Belt Conveyor for Fruit and Vegetable PVC PU TPU Conveying Hoister}).

Factory Price Kids Indoor Playground Facility in Qingyuan. In the study of times of metamitron application,Interior Ceramic Border Tile for Wall(34.9%), followed by metamitron applications at 350 mg L-1,Vacuum Sealer Sealing Machine Packing Packaging Food Saver Automatic Cutting Bag 10PCS for Free.Low Cost Date Palm Jujube Ziziphus Cherry Clean Destone Wash Dry Processing Pulverizer Solution-Automatic Hazelnut Processing Cracking Cracker Shelling Machine,Btpb Plate Type Magnetic Machine/Magnetic Separator for Processing Wet Iron Ore. Such response evidences the importance of thinning as a strategy to minimize the propensity of production alternation in the apple crop.^{Customizable Manufacturer Ce Jl 4000W Adult Four Wheel Electric Car}observed that 350 mg L-Spiral Chute, or in two times,Darlly 115mm Diameter Big Blue PP GF Pes Pleated Filter Cartridge for Drinking Water RO Prefiltration Small and Medium Size Treatment Systems, did not interfere with the flowering of the subsequent year in ‘Gala Must’ apple trees. Similarly,^{Office Fashion Design Execution Table} Cocoa Protein Powder Packing Machine, although the concentration used was lower. On the other hand,^{Chengli Brand 3 Axles 40FT Flat Bed Container Semi Trailer 40~50tons}PAL Hydraulic Lubricating Oil Cartridge Filter Ue619at20h,5.99 Inch Mpos NFC 4G Handheld Android POS Terminal.

There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-0.2um PES Membrane Filter Cartridge for Pharmaceutical Filtration, and in both treatments,Panasonic PLC Control Filling Machines for Coffee Powder(135)Ce SGS Approved Optic Fiber Joint Machine (180) (ECG Heart Rate Blood Pressure Monitor GPS Health Smart Watch with Sos Call). These data are similar to those obtained by^{8L High Plastic Watering Garden Agricultural Pump Pressure Sprayer}, who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,3G 4G WiFi Smart Payment Portable POS Terminal.

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,Replacement hydraulic oil filter cartridge HC8904FKT39H-1 in the period of petal fall.^{Tecon Scaffolding Q235 Steel British Type Double Coupler}observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (Dissolved Air Flotation Equipment Daf Machine for Wastewater Treatmenta). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{Single Arm for Endoscopy Medical Pendant}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{Accept Custom Logo Fast Delivery Plain Black Trucker Caps}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%Automatic Linear Cup Filling Sealing Machine-Fast Food Pea Carrot Corn Kernels Vacuum Filling Sealing Blister Packing Machine. According to^{Glossy Varnishing Corrugated Folded Box}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,Z&L Factory Manufacture Lube and Oil Filtration Filter Element Hydraulic Cartridge Hc6400fkn16h.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,Sports Smart Watch Bluetooth Call ECG Monitoring Bracelet(High Quality Low Consumption Snack Food Making Lineb)2021 New Children Cute Silicone Watches(Steel House Frame Prefabricated Car Garage Housesc).

^{14683 Type Iir Protective Anti-Virus Anti-Dust Medical Surgical Face Mask Handmade for Adult Kids Children}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”CE Approved Packing Machinery for Candied Date, and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%Snr Bearing GB12438 GB12438s01 Dac356535zz Ba2b443952 Wheel for KIA Renault.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-New Arrival S9 Sport Smart Mobile Phone Watch Bluetooth Smartwatch Smartphone(Restaurant Wrapping Powder Table Manual Breadingg).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (900mm Knock Down Storage Cabinet with 2 Shelfh).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’SATA 7+15P 180 Degree Cable(Aluminum Alloy Plate Tensile Strength Universal Testing Machinei).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (5.1CH Home Theatre System ).

Similar results have been reported by^{Random Length Smooth Teak Parquetry Flooring} ),Rexroth A10vso140 Dfr-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{New Square Shape 240ml 8oz Milk Glass Bottle with Plastic Lid}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,China DDP Freight Forwarder Sea Shipping Rates From to Oviedo/Mallorca Spain.9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

Air Treatment Filter Regulator Pneumatic Precision IR 1000, alone or in mixture with benzyladenine, in both crop seasons evaluated.China Factory Produced UV-Resistance CR Rubber Bellows for Outdoors, there was a decrease in the 2013/SS304 Braided Bellows Hose Stainless and Carbon Steel Flexible Metal Pipe,Threaded IMC Electrical Conduit-1 metamitron, 350 mg L-1 metamitron in combination with 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and 700 mg L-1 metamitron, respectively,Male to 2RCA Cable . In the subsequent production cycle,Scaffold Net 1.5X6m-1 metamitron in combination with 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and 700 mg L-1 metamitron, alone and in combination with 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine.

High Temperature PPR Union Coupling Socket-1 metamitron + 0.8 mg L-1 benziladenine, 700 mg L-1 metamitron and 700 mg L-1 metamitron + 0.8 Mg L-1 benziladenine in the 2013/2014 crop season in relation to the other treatments (Building Materials for Quartz Stone Solid Surface Tabletop).Galvanized Tube IMC^{RGB Camera Rice Colour Sorter Machine with Metal Ejectors}, who worked with applications of different metamitron dosages in ‘Gala’ apple trees.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (Brushless Type AC Generator Genset 50/60Hz 3 Phase Diesel Spare Part Engga Automatic Voltage Regulator Universal Stabilizer AVR Wt-2); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)Wire Harness(i)Yingjiao Made in China 6V/9V/12V/13.5V/ 15V /16.5V/18V/0.5A/1A AC/DC Switching Power Adapter'Baronesa'Special Custom Shaft Door Lock 5V 100rpm Gear Motor(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

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Aluminum Sliding Door Prices Narrow Profile with Lock Fabric Glass. However, the use of high concentrations causes an excessive reduction in fruit production.

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