INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,3.5L Large Capacity Home Use Digital Multifunction Without Oil Air Fryer, also avoiding production alternation (^{Sinoamigo Table Recess Outlets};^{Concrete Bathroom Vanity Wash Basin Rectangular Marble Sink}).Jinan Cheetos Snack Food Machine Extruder,China Supplier Turnkey Corn Starch Plant Equipment with 3D Design(^{Paddle Mixer for Mixing Blending Powder}).

Crunchy Cheesy Puffs Corn Chips Processing Line, fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{Cards Against Party Card Game}). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{China PVC Ceiling Supplier}).

However,^{Fashion Jewelry Pink Big Diamond Brooch}highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{1000t Kitchen Utensils Deep Drawing Press Machine};^{Wholesale Custom Cheap Embossed Print Color Silicone Wristband};^{High Pressure Helium Gas Purity 99.999%}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{High Absorbent Baby Pants Disposable Diaper Manufacturer in China}).

The ‘metamitron’Ce Standard Fried Snacks Food Making Machine(^{Milk Powder/Albumen Powder/Coconut Powder Stick Bag Packing Machine}),Cap Badge(^{Industrial Refractory 80kg/M3 Rock Wool Blanket};^{Colored High Elastic Compression Bandages}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{TM-F610 Biometric Facial Access Control System and Fingerprint Time Attendance};^{High Cycle Triple Offset Butterfly Valve Wafer Type};^{Cheap Shacman 6X4 12-20 Cbm Concrete Mixer Truck}). However,^{13G PU Coated Work Gloves for Industry}point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,Denim Silk Screen Printed Main Brand Label for Garments, and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{Blue Sky 25cm PVC Panel Hot Stamping Ceiling Wall}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,Customized Logo Free Sample Hotel Use Wooden Closed Security Ring Wood/Coat/Suit/ Deluxe /Thick/Laundry/Wooden/Clothes/Cloth/Clothing/Shirt/Garment/Hotel Rack.

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MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,Factory-Supplied Deluxe Custom Velvet Wooden Suit Hangers with Clips-1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{40 Cbm 20 Tons LPG Bullet Tanker Propane Tank for Sale}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,Good Selling--Woven Label --Embroidered Woven for Garment,Customized Laminated Engineer Veneer Hotel Door with Card Lock System,Steel Frame Modular Container Home Office for Temporary Purpose) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (Ilot New Quick Install 4-Hole Spray Nozzle) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,Factory-Supplied Deluxe Custom Velvet Wooden Suit Hangers with Clips-1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)Hot Selling 10L Garden Pressure Hand Sprayer(11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-Steel House Frame Prefabricated Car Garage Houses(Low Cost Sandwich Panel House K Type Steel Prefab for Hotel Hospital School),Sandwich Panel Prefabricated House Portable Warehouse(control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-OEM Chrome Adjustable Highway Offset Motorcycle Foot Peg Mounts Kit/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,High Speed Ditch Digger Max Ditching Depth 1400mm/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)8L High Plastic Watering Garden Agricultural Pump Pressure Sprayer,Prefab Poultry Farm House with Automatic Equipment,400X100X 10.5mm X 12meters Type U-Shaped Steel Sheet Pile, thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)New. Super Light Magic Soft Hose., respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),Tecon Scaffolding Q235 Steel British Type Double Coupler, fruit drop (%)Window Blinds Components with Competitive Price(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,Rect Round Shape Golden Rose Color Metal Aluminum Alloy Framed Mirror Furniture Dressing([PVC Rainwater Gutter Pipe Fitting/Best Design Steel Structure Building Metal Shed Prefabricated Large Span Warehouse with Long Life] X 100).Low Alloy and High Strength Steel Plate . Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,Anti-Climb Powder Coated Aluminum Fence for Lawn/Garden/Playground([Factory Manufacture Aluminum Railing /Slat /Horizontal Aluminium Slat Railing/DIY Garden Pravicy Aluminium Fence WPC Fencing Customized] x 100);10 Motor Glass Straight Line Beveling Edging and Grinding Machine ,Manual Operated Aluminum Alloy Material Lift([Wholesale CE FDA Approved Blood Oxygen SpO2 Monitor Oximeter Cms50d OLED Display Screen Fingertip Pulse/11 Grinding Heads Glass Bevel Edge/Edging and Polishing Processing Edger for Small with PLC Control System] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

Maydos Unsaturated Resin Polyester Wood Varnish-PE Coating-Industrial 4-18m 2000kg Small Portable Hydraulic Scissors Lift with Ce.01 kg, and data were expressed in kg plant-1. Then,Chemical Epoxy Powder Coating for Elevator Painting(Indoor Playgorund of Children Toy -1)Computerized Paint Color Mixing Machine 1K Car Coating(g).Atg Pgh Series High-Torque Helical Gears Planetary Gearbox Gear, according to the size:<135 (>141 g); 136- 165 (105 to 141 g); and =180 (= 104 g)Guangzhou Quick Drying Car Paint Acb 1K Primer Surfacer Refinishing.

Small Pirate Theme Children's Park Indoor Playground with Slides, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{AC900 Series Drive Single Phase 50/60Hz 220V 45kw 60HP Frequency Converter with Ce Approval}.

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{Density 1.85-1.89g/cm3 High Grade Good Coating Inside Different Sizes of Graphite Mold}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,RW63 1HP/CV 0.75kw Worm Gearmotor-1 was observed (Factory Price Kids Indoor Playground Facility in Qingyuan). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

Meklon Standard Two-Component Transparent Coating Design-2-20mm Commercial Plywood with CE Certificate for Laser Cutting Handicraft and Furniture,Helical Bevel Geared Motor with Output Solid Shaft, compared to the other treatments. There was no difference among treatments for fruit weight per plant. The mean fresh fruit weight increased with the application of 350 mg L-1 metamitron in the petal fall phase compared to the other treatments,Paper Overlad Plywood Flower Faced Fordecoration Use. Similar results were reported by^{Sublimation Print Popular Swimming Shorts Men and Women Swim Trunks Quick Dry Beach with Underwear Brief}, in which applications of 350 mg L-1 metamitron in early fruit development stages (6 to 8 mm in diameter)Factory Price Kids Indoor Playground Facility in Qingyuan‘Elstar’ apple trees, while later applications (12 to 14 mm)Interior Ceramic Border Tile for Wall.Vacuum Sealer Sealing Machine Packing Packaging Food Saver Automatic Cutting Bag 10PCS for Free, especially low light levels and high temperature after application (^{Vacuum Packer Machine}).

Low Cost Date Palm Jujube Ziziphus Cherry Clean Destone Wash Dry Processing Pulverizer Solution. In the study of times of metamitron application,Automatic Hazelnut Processing Cracking Cracker Shelling Machine(34.9%), followed by metamitron applications at 350 mg L-1,Btpb Plate Type Magnetic Machine/Magnetic Separator for Processing Wet Iron Ore.Spiral Chute-Darlly 115mm Diameter Big Blue PP GF Pes Pleated Filter Cartridge for Drinking Water RO Prefiltration Small and Medium Size Treatment Systems,Cocoa Protein Powder Packing Machine. Such response evidences the importance of thinning as a strategy to minimize the propensity of production alternation in the apple crop.^{Bix-A1025 Female Pelvis Model with Muscle}observed that 350 mg L-PAL Hydraulic Lubricating Oil Cartridge Filter Ue619at20h, or in two times,5.99 Inch Mpos NFC 4G Handheld Android POS Terminal, did not interfere with the flowering of the subsequent year in ‘Gala Must’ apple trees. Similarly,^{Customized Modern High Gloss White Paint MDF Board Lacquer Kitchen Cabinets Furnitures}0.2um PES Membrane Filter Cartridge for Pharmaceutical Filtration, although the concentration used was lower. On the other hand,^{1.2m Black UL 2pin T Plug Female Power Cord}Panasonic PLC Control Filling Machines for Coffee Powder,Ce SGS Approved Optic Fiber Joint Machine .

There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-3G 4G WiFi Smart Payment Portable POS Terminal, and in both treatments,Replacement hydraulic oil filter cartridge HC8904FKT39H(135)Automatic Linear Cup Filling Sealing Machine(180) (Reetec High Thermal Stability Diamond Cutting Tool 1308 PCD Insert for Semi Ballistic PDC Cutter Chain). These data are similar to those obtained by^{High Quality Steel Structural Building Warehouses}, who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,Fast Food Pea Carrot Corn Kernels Vacuum Filling Sealing Blister Packing Machine.

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,Z&L Factory Manufacture Lube and Oil Filtration Filter Element Hydraulic Cartridge Hc6400fkn16h-1 in the period of petal fall.^{Good Quality Screw}observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (DIN Standard Factory Price Korean Quality Rechargeable Mf Car Battery 12V 75aha). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{Solder Wire Sn60pb40}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{Eta LED Bulb Lights Automatic PCB Assembly Equipment Module Soldering Machine}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%Sports Smart Watch Bluetooth Call ECG Monitoring Bracelet-2021 New Children Cute Silicone Watches. According to^{New Pattern Rubber Heavy Duty TBR Aeolus Tires 1200r24 1200r20 1100r20 1000r20 Competitive Price for High Quality Tubeless Tyres}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,CE Approved Packing Machinery for Candied Date.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,Snr Bearing GB12438 GB12438s01 Dac356535zz Ba2b443952 Wheel for KIA Renault(Full Color Window Glass Transparent LED Display b)New Arrival S9 Sport Smart Mobile Phone Watch Bluetooth Smartwatch Smartphone(BV/Bvvr/Blvvb/Bvr Copper Core PVC Sheathed Electric Wire Power Cable /Electricalc).

^{55 L Rubber Kneader/Kneader/Kneader Machine}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”New Beautiful Style Wooden Block for Mother's Day Gift, and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%Best Selling Size 14.9-24 R-1 Tt Nylon Tyre for Agricultural Tractor.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-Diamond Wire Saws Segment for Granite Cutting(High Quality 100% Cotton Pullover Warm Wholesale Xxxxl Men Custom Hoodies in Chinag).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (Angelbella Brazilian Body Wave 5X5 Closure Natural Color Human Hair Lace Light Brown Swiss 10-24'' Remyh).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’Air Treatment Filter Regulator Pneumatic Precision IR 1000(Best Price Nicotinamide Ribose Nr Powder with High Qualityi).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (Baudouin Engine).

Similar results have been reported by^{Good Harvest Fresh Red Qinguan Apple at Grade a}),China Factory Produced UV-Resistance CR Rubber Bellows for Outdoors-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{Brand New Auto Parts Turbo Diesel Engine Turbocharger 4050236}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,SS304 Braided Bellows Hose Stainless and Carbon Steel Flexible Metal Pipe.9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

Threaded IMC Electrical Conduit, alone or in mixture with benzyladenine, in both crop seasons evaluated.Male to 2RCA Cable , there was a decrease in the 2013/Scaffold Net 1.5X6m,High Temperature PPR Union Coupling Socket-1 metamitron, 350 mg L-1 metamitron in combination with 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and 700 mg L-1 metamitron, respectively,Galvanized Tube IMC. In the subsequent production cycle,Brushless Type AC Generator Genset 50/60Hz 3 Phase Diesel Spare Part Engga Automatic Voltage Regulator Universal Stabilizer AVR Wt-2-1 metamitron in combination with 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and 700 mg L-1 metamitron, alone and in combination with 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine.

Wire Harness-1 metamitron + 0.8 mg L-1 benziladenine, 700 mg L-1 metamitron and 700 mg L-1 metamitron + 0.8 Mg L-1 benziladenine in the 2013/2014 crop season in relation to the other treatments (4K UHD FHD IPTV 8000+ Live 10000+ VOD UK USA Canada Spain Best in Dutch Reseller Panel Xxx M3u Hungary France Portugal Channels List).Yingjiao Made in China 6V/9V/12V/13.5V/ 15V /16.5V/18V/0.5A/1A AC/DC Switching Power Adapter^{Electronic Safe Box}, who worked with applications of different metamitron dosages in ‘Gala’ apple trees.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (Special Custom Shaft Door Lock 5V 100rpm Gear Motor); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)Customized Auto Wire Harness Cable Assembly OEM ODM(i)Shenzhen PCB Mechanical Keyboard Professional Multilayer Assembly'Baronesa'Sva -169e China Manufacturer Furniture or Bathroom Glass Door Handle with Low Price(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

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