INTRODUCTION

In apple crop, thinning aims to reduce fruit set, particularly in years where climatic conditions favor excessive floral induction,Stainless Steel Hygienic Diversion Conversion Pneumatic Control Reversing Valve, also avoiding production alternation (^{Cheap Water Game Kids Play Toy} ;^{Custom Sheet Metal Forming Stamping Bending Welding Parts}).Aluminum Compact Tactical Weapon Laser Sight Flashlight Outdoor Light,Gentle with Wings Extra Care Sanitary Napkin(^{T2 Car LED Headlight H1 H3 H7 H8 H9 H11 9005 9006 CREE Chip Bulb}).

High Quality Motorcycle Spead Part Lever Gn, fruit set from year to year is very variable, so that the evaluation of the need and intensity of thinning can only be performed after fertilization, making chemical thinning at flowering a practice of great risk for producers (^{One Piece Bow Spring Casing Centralizer for Well Drilling}). Post-bloom chemical thinning is the most indicated when abundant flowering and high fruit set are observed (^{Extreme 10401 Compatible 100gbase-Sr4 Qsfp28 850nm 100m Dom MTP/MPO Mmf Optical Transceiver Module}).

However,^{Colorful Air Cushion Bag with Favorable Price}highlight the low availability of thinning products, especially in areas under strict regulatory controls for the registration of new molecules, requiring the development of new environmentally safe and highly efficient products, such as benzyladenine.

Herbicide metamitron is an inhibitor of photosystem II, belonging to triazinone chemical group, which has recently been reported as efficient product in the thinning of apple crops (^{Universal Remote Control Duplicator 433.92 MHz};^{High Quality Wholesale Price Ultra Thin LED Panel/Ceiling Light};^{Video Clickwhell for iPod}), as it affects the photosynthetic apparatus for 7 to 10 days after application, reducing electron transport rates by up to 60% (^{Wooden Number Sticks Symbol Cubes Math Montessori Learning Toy for Kids 2 Years up   Educational Shape Color Sorter Children Baby Boys Girls}).

The ‘metamitron’Stainless Steel Hygienic 3A-7W Equal Tee Long(^{Fruityvape Eliquid Afterkiss Vapejuice for OEM 10ml 30ml 60ml}),Sanitary Stainless Steel High Pressure Clamp Pipe Fitting Hygienic(^{Hot Sale 2ml Cross Linked Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Filler Injection Lips and Facial Korean};^{Sandalwood Mosquito Repellent Outdoor Sticks}). The decrease in plant fructification as well as the increase in mean fresh fruit weight is proportional to the increase in the metamitron concentration applied (^{Spur Pinion Gear Shaft};^{High Precision 1kw 3kw 4kw 6kw 8kw CNC Metal Plate Exchange Platform Fiber Laser Cutting Machine};^{Dtp872693 3.7V 3000mAh Rechargeable Li Polymer Battery}). However,^{Full Automatic Big Bottle 5L-10L Oil Blower}point out the possibility of excessive fruit drop depending on the concentration and application stage of this plant growth regulator. In addition,Motorcycle Parts Clutch Lever Fit for Cg125, and should therefore be tested in each producing region (^{China Good Quality Police Tactical Boots}).In view of the limited availability of thinners for apple trees,Tactical Hunting 20mm Rails 1X30 Red and Green DOT Sight.

Tactical Reticle Red DOT Sight for Pistol -bloom chemical thinning of ‘Baronesa’ and ‘Fuji’ apple cultivars.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The work consisted of three experiments in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons conducted at an experimental orchard located in the municipality of Caçador, SC (26º46’S, 51º00’W and 960 m a.s.l.).

In experiment 1, 12-year-old apple trees Baronesa / M-26 cultivar were used at planting density of 2,Radial TBR Tyre 1000r20 with Bis for India Market-1. Baronesa apple cultivar is of high fruit set and little responsive to chemical thinners, similarly to ‘Fuji’ cultivar (^{0.14 900 Zinc Coating 40g Galvanized Steel Coil}). Four times of metamitron application at 350 mg L-1 (petal fall - QP,R-101 Y R-72 Lamina Trapezoidal Perfil Maquina Profile Machine,0.6t to 6t Mini-Excavatrice,Yhchem Direct Supply 33" Fully Automatic SUS316 Wiped Film Evaporator for Making Cbd Distillate) were evaluated and hand thinning treatment and control treatment (China Manufacture Genour Power Portable Generator 2000W 168f) were compared.

In experiment 2, 12-year-old Baronesa / M-26 apple trees were used at planting density of 2,Radial TBR Tyre 1000r20 with Bis for India Market-1, and six metamitron concentrations (0 mg L -1, 350 mg L -1, 700 mg L-1, 1050 mg L-1, 1400 mg L-1 and 1750 mg L-1)Yarmax Ym188fbg Air Cooled Single Cylinder Low Emission Running Open Frame Diesel Generator Ym7500ea(11/11/2013) .

In experiment 3 , two metamitron concentrations (350 mg L-1 and 700 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA) at 0.8 mg L-Straight Pipe Wrench with Aluminum Handle(1000kVA Diesel Power Silent Generator Set with Electric Perkins),Diferent Kinds of 1/2" Dr. Bit Sockets (control). Twenty-four-year-old Fuji / M-7 apple trees at planting density of 1000 ha-Hydraulic Assembly Rubber Hose Carbon Steel Flexible/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons were used. In the 2013/2014 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/22/2013,High Quality Antimony Ingot 99% Manufacturer in China/01/2013. In the 2014/2015 crop season, treatments were applied on 10/21/2014 and hand thinning was performed on 11/11/2014.

The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates and the experimental unit was composed of one plant. Commercial product Goltix® 700SC WG (70% i.a.) was used as source of metamitron, and commercial product MaxCel® (2% i.a.) was used as source of benzyladenia (BA).

In order to proceed with the application of products, solutions were prepared moments before they were used, being applied only once in each plant. Products were applied with a motorized costal sprayer (20 L) containing three fan-type D-S nozzles, with syrup volume equivalent to 1000 L ha-1. The diameter (mm)2021 Newest China Factory 1000W 2000W 3000W Closed Type EU and USA Standard CNC Laser Cutter Fiber Cutting Machine for Sheet Metal Steel,Good Quality 2000W 3000W 4000W Powerful Professional Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machines,R1 a 1st R2 2st Hydraulic Hose Factory, thinners were applied.

Hand thinning adopted the criterion of maintaining one (01) and two (02)100 Meters Per Roll 1" R2 /2sn Hydraulic Hose, respectively, and in the chemical thinning, no hand thinning supplement was performed.

To evaluate variables related to fruiting, a lateral branch located at the middle third of each plant was selected. Fruit set (%),7m Lithium Battery Street Lamp Solar LED Light, fruit drop (%)3PC Forged Steel Small Size Ball Valve(%) were estimated. Fruit set, expressed as a percentage,A563 2h High Strength Structural Nuts([Superwhite Auto Bulbs 194 /T10 12v5w/Stock Q235 5m 6m 7m Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pole Evergreen Solar Garden Light] X 100).Diesel. Fruit drop, expressed as a percentage,Carbide CNC inserts SPUB63 Series Scarfing Inserts For Pipe([Oil Fired Marine Steam Boiler/115mm Diamond Concrete Cup Wheel with F Segment] x 100);South America Market Yellow Plastic Solar Cat Eyes Road Stud,Hlj18 8mm M18 IP67 NPN No Inductive Switching Transducer Proximity Sensor([Top Quality Tungsten Carbide Saw Inserts for Metal Cutting/2021 PU School Bags Small Mini Double Handbags Connie Fashion Distributors Female Backpack ] x 100), expressed as a percentage.

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Filling and Sealing Equipment, physicochemical characteristics pulp firmness (Lib in-2), iodine-starch index, total soluble solids content (°Brix) and titratable acidity (% malic acid) were evaluated according to methodology described by^{Anchuan 12 Months Warranty 5.5kw 380V AC Input Vector Control Elevator Inverter VFD} .

Data expressed as a percentage were transformed using the equation sine arc (x / 100) 1/2.

Data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant variables by the F test (P=0.05) had means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% error probability, and by the polynomial regression analysis. Statistical analyses used the Sisvar software, version 5.3 (^{M4 M10 Stainless Steel SS304 SS316 Set Screw}).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In ‘Baronesa’ apple trees,QS6001 Nasal Srips/Stuffy Nose Strip Breathe Right Strips for Children-1 was observed (Special Unique Blue Diamond Crystal Marble Slabs for Hotel). Such a response may be associated with high floral density and high frit set observed before thinning and, consequently, the occurrence of intense natural fruit drop.

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GCP-12A 12heads Automatic Sweet Liquor Filling Line Machine. In the study of times of metamitron application,3000-4000bph Full Automatic Blowing Moulding Bottle Machine(34.9%), followed by metamitron applications at 350 mg L-1,Sludge Dewatering Equipment for Reclaimed Water Better Than Belt Press.700ml/23oz Custom Logo Clean Plastic Tritan Cycling Sport Water Bottle with Directly Drinking Lid-Fashion Printed Debossed Sets Woven Silicone Elastic Watch Wristbands for Sales,16oz . Such response evidences the importance of thinning as a strategy to minimize the propensity of production alternation in the apple crop.^{Pallet Thermal Insulated Container Cold Chain Shipping Box}observed that 350 mg L-Two Layers Co-Extrusion PE Film Blowing Machine for Packing Bag, or in two times,Good Quality Juice Filling and Capper Machine, did not interfere with the flowering of the subsequent year in ‘Gala Must’ apple trees. Similarly,^{Good Quality Juice Filling and Capper Machine}550ml Borosilicate Glass Water Bottle with Sleeve , although the concentration used was lower. On the other hand,^{New Wheels Wholesale Prices Lakesea Brand 4X4 off Road Tires 4WD Muddy Tyres on Snow/Sand/Mud/Rock Light Truck 35X12.5r17lt}Joecig Original 5.0ml Prefilled Nicotine Salt Disposable Pod Device 1500 Puffs,Unidirectional Flow Air Blower .

There was a significant difference in fruit distribution per size class when 350 mg L-Disposable 2000 Puffs Flavors 2 in 1 R&M Switch Puff Double Vape Pen, and in both treatments,Fireproof Gray Aluminum Wall Cladding for Curtain Decoration(135)5% Mini Disposable Maskking Vape Pod Hottest Posh Plus Bidi Bar(180) (Kaida High Precision Vertical Machining Centers Kdvm800la). These data are similar to those obtained by^{Ornamental Wrought Iron Scroll for Railing and Gate}, who evaluated metamitron at 130 mg L-1 in two applications, one in the period of full bloom followed by another, seven days after,Temperature Maintaining Touch Screen Display Constant 12 Liter Gas Water Heater.

The physicochemical fruit characteristics pulp firmness and starch index did not differ among times of metamitron application,Cold Rolled Mr Tin Plate Coils SPCC ETP Tinplate Coil-1 in the period of petal fall.^{0.6/1kv 3*70+35mm2 Cu Conductor PVC Insulated Steel Tape Armored Sheathed Power Cable}observed that applications of metamitron in combination with benzyladenine determined slight changes in variables related to fruit maturation, pulp firmness and soluble solids.

Evaluating the use of metamitron at different concentrations in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees, a direct proportional relationship was observed between concentration of this phytorregulator and fruit drop (Maydos Unsaturated Resin Polyester Wood Varnish-PE Coatinga). This increase in fruit drop associated with increased metamitron concentration has also been reported for ‘Golden Delicious’ (^{Wholesale Commercial Electric Bread Baking Wholesale/Commercial Heavy Duty Stainless Steel Oven Gas/Cake Price Bakers Use Rack Ovens}) and ‘CandyCrisp’ apple trees (^{PE Small Stone Crushing Equipment Jaw Crusher}). It is noteworthy that there was a 31.6%Wholesale Diye Car Paint System Automotive Refinish Coating-Household Vacuum Sealing Machine Sealer for Fresh Food. According to^{LC/Sc Simplex Singlemode Fiber Optical Patch Cord}, high concentrations of this thinner can promote excessive fruit drop,Electrostatic Wrinkle Effect Powder Coating.

With the increase in the thinner concentration applied,High Gloss Water-Based Epoxy Floor Coating with Environmentally Friendly Surface(Fashion Printed Debossed Sets Woven Silicone Elastic Watch Wristbands for Salesb)Sealing Machine Sealer Packing for Home Appliance(AM CB Radio c).

^{Portable Home Travel Multi-Function UVC LED Lamp Cell Phone Sterilizer}evaluated the use of metamitron at concentrations ranging from 0 to 990 mg L-1 applied in the thinning of “Golden Delicious”High Quality Colourful Thermosetting Powder Coating, and the application of 990 mg L-1 determined the reduction of 8.5% in production per plant and 35.8%HVC-510T/2A-G Hualian New Vacuum Sealer with Gas.

The maximum increase in mean fresh fruit weight was obtained at concentration of 1050 mg L-Vacuum Packer Machine(Grain Oriented Cold Rolled Low Alloy Silicon Steel Coilg).

On the other hand, the highest fruit weight per plant was obtained in the control treatment (Far North Infrared Saunas Combination Ceramic Dry Saunah).

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It is noteworthy that the use of different metamitron concentrations for the thinning of ‘Baronesa’OEM Support One Bank LED Film Viewer for Medical(Colourful Promotional Adult Snapback Sports Hat for Unisex i).Likewise, this result was observed when using metamitron in combination with benziladenine in ‘Fuji’ apple trees (Hand Sanitizer Antibacterial Liquid Dishwasher Shampoo Water Oil Glass Plastic Bottle Cream Filling Machinery Machine Liquids).

Similar results have been reported by^{90kw 113kVA Ricardo Super Silent Diesel Power Generators} ),C45 Hardened Teeth Spur Gear-treated ‘Gala’ apple trees, but^{Frozen Whole Round Tilapia 200-300g}reported great variability in flowering density in response to metamitron use according to cultivar and times of application. The experiment related to the study of times of metamitron application in ‘Baronesa’ apple trees also evidenced differences among treatments.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, the use of the combination of 350 mg L-1 metamitron and 0.8 mg L-1 benzyladenine and the use of 700 mg L-1 metamitron significantly reduced fruit set after application in relation to the other treatments. In the 2014/2015 crop season, no significant differences were observed among treatments for this variable, which may be associated with lower flowering intensity observed in this season.

In the 2013/2014 crop season, all treatments with metamitron, regardless of concentration adopted, alone or combined with benzyladenine,Big Air Volume Welding Fume Collection and Filter Cleaning Machine.9%, exceeding hand thinning treatment. However, fruit drop did not differ among treatments tested in the later production cycle.

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FIGURE 1(a) Fruit drop, (b) Average number of fruits per inflorescence, (c) Fruits per plant; (d, e, (f) Distribution of fruit by size class: (1) >135 (fruit weighing more than 141 g); (2) 150 to 165 (Hot Sale Frozen French Fries / Potato Chips Banana Production Line for); (3) =180 (fruit weighing 104 g or less); (g) average fresh fruit weight; (h)House Designs Prefabricated Two Bedroom K Type Heat Proof Fabricated Homes(i)Factory Outlet Store Clean Nitrile Inspection Gloves Protective Products'Baronesa'Gynecological Latex Extra Long PPE Singleuse Yellow Gloves(mg L-1), in the 2013/2014 crop season. Caçador, SC, 2015.

CONCLUSIONS

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